Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) Table 4.1 shows a sequence of 12 nucleotides in the template strand of a short length of a DNA molecule, the corresponding primary transcript and ...

2024 Spring

3

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) Aerobic respiration occurs in four successive stages: glycolysis (G), link reaction (LR), Krebs cycle (KC) and oxidative phosphorylation (OP).Comp...

2024 Winter

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) Fig. 6.1 is a diagram of part of a mitochondrion.On Fig. 6.1, use arrows to show the route taken by oxygen from the cytoplasm into the mitochondri...

2024 Summer

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

A respirometer is a piece of apparatus that can be used to measure the rate of respiration of living tissue such as germinating peas.A simple respirom...

2024 Spring

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) Aerobic respiration occurs in four successive stages: glycolysis (G), link reaction (LR), Krebs cycle (KC) and oxidative phosphorylation (OP).Comp...

2024 Winter

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) Some organisms carry out respiration in anaerobic conditions when oxygen is not available or when there is a low concentration of oxygen. In yeast...

2023 Winter

3

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) The respiratory quotient (RQ) values for different respiratory substrates can be calculated.Table 5.1 shows:• the formulae of four respiratory s...

2023 Winter

4

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

Many factors affect the rate of cellular respiration.(a) Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency is a rare disease. The rate of respiration in the cells ...

2023 Summer

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) In plants such as rice, Oryza sativa, rubisco has a low rate of activity, which in turn affects the rate of photosynthesis. The cereal crop sorghu...

2023 Summer

2

Theory

CH12 - ENERGY AND RESPIRATION

(a) The Krebs cycle was named after the biochemist Sir Hans Krebs, who worked out the sequence in 1937.Fig. 1.1 is an outline of the Krebs cycle.Ident...

2023 Summer

2

Theory

CH7 - TRANSPORT IN PLANTS

(a) The structure of a phloem sieve tube element is adapted to its function.Each of explanations A to F describes how a particular structural feature ...

2020 Spring

3

Theory

CH3 - ENZYMES

Phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP) enzymes have an important role in lipid metabolism.The reaction catalysed by PAP is shown in Fig. 2.1.Experiments were...

2020 Spring

3

Theory

CH8 - TRANSPORT IN MAMMALS

During one cardiac cycle:blood enters the heart from the lungs and from the rest of the bodyblood leaves the heart to be transported to the lungs and ...

2020 Spring

2

Theory

CH9 - GAS EXCHANGE AND SMOKING

(a) When a section of lung tissue is viewed using a light microscope, it is possible to identify the trachea, the bronchus, the bronchioles and the al...

2020 Spring

3

Theory

CH11 - IMMUNITY

Myasthenia gravis and HIV/AIDS both involve disorders of the immune system.(a) Outline why myasthenia gravis is described as a disorder of the immune ...

2020 Spring

3

Theory

CH1 - CELL STRUCTURE

Fig. 6.1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a plant parenchyma cell.(a) The external environment of the parenchyma cell has a higher water poten...

2020 Spring

3

Theory

CH14 - HOMEOSTASIS

(a) Fig. 1.1 represents part of the wall of a proximal convoluted tubule (pct) in a kidney nephron.[Image_1: Fig. 1.1](i) Name the features of the wal...

2020 Spring

1

Theory

CH11 - IMMUNITY

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of life-threatening diseases. SCID is caused by mutations that prevent the normal function of the i...

2020 Spring

2

Theory

CH16 - INHERITED CHANGE

Flowers of the common morning-glory plant, Ipomoea purpurea, can have several different phenotypes. An example of these flowers is shown in Fig. 3.1.[...

2020 Spring

2

Theory

CH16 - INHERITED CHANGE

The rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, is a fish that is bred in commercial fish farms. Rainbow trout that have a blue-silver colour are sold at a hi...

2020 Spring

1