Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Separate samples of $Na_2CO_3$ and $NaHCO_3$ react with $HCl(aq)$ to produce the same products, as shown in Table 2.1.[Table_1](a) Complete the reacti...

2024 Summer

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Write an equation to show the reaction for the standard enthalpy change of formation of $\text{H}_2\text{O}$. Include state symbols..................

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Nitrogen is found in inorganic compounds such as nitrogen oxides (NO\(_x\)), nitrates and nitric acid.(i) Identify one natural and one man-made oc...

2024 Winter

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Define enthalpy change of formation..................................................................................................................

2024 Summer

4

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Predict and explain the variation in enthalpy change of hydration for the ions F^−, Cl^−, Br^− and I^−. .....................................

2024 Winter

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Potassium iodide, KI, is used as a reagent in both inorganic and organic chemistry.(a) KI forms an ionic lattice that is soluble in water.(i) Define e...

2024 Spring

4

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Describe the trend in the solubility of the sulfates of magnesium, calcium and strontium. Explain your answer........................................

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Equation 1 shows water acting as a Brønsted–Lowry acid. equation 1 \[ \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{NO}_2^- \rightleftharpoons \text{HNO}_2 + \tex...

2024 Spring

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Carbon disulfide, $\text{CS}_2$, is flammable and reacts readily with oxygen, as shown in reaction 1.reaction 1 $\text{CS}_2(g) + 3\text{O}_2(g) \...

2024 Summer

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Define standard electrode potential, $E^\text{o}$, including a description of standard conditions.(b) (i) An electrochemical cell is set up to mea...

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH4 - STATES OF MATTER

The rate of chemical reactions is affected by changes in temperature and pressure.(a) (i) Draw a curve on the axes to show the Boltzmann distribution ...

2021 Spring

1

Theory

CH11 - GROUP 17

Chlorine, $Cl_2$, is a reactive yellow-green gas. It is a strong oxidising agent.(a) State how $Cl_2$ is used in water purification......................

2021 Spring

4

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Compounds P, Q and R have all been found in the atmosphere of one of Saturn’s moons. P: N≡C—C≡C—C≡C—N Q: H—C≡C—C≡N R: ![Cyclopr...

2021 Spring

3

Theory

CH3 - CHEMICAL BONDING

Hydroxyethanal, HOCH$_2$CHO, has been observed in dust clouds near the centre of our galaxy.hydroxyethanal(a) Predict the bond angles labelled x and y...

2021 Spring

2

Theory

CH12 - AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS

(a) The most common oxidation states of cobalt are +2 and +3.Complete the electronic configurations of the following free ions.• Co2+ [Ar] .........

2021 Spring

1

Theory

CH6 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY

(a) Iron(II) compounds are generally only stable in neutral, non-oxidising conditions.It is difficult to determine the lattice energy of FeO experimen...

2021 Spring

2

Theory

CH3 - CHEMICAL BONDING

Iodates are compounds that contain the $\text{IO}_3^{-}$ anion.(a) The $\text{IO}_3^{-}$ anion is shown.Explain, with reference to the qualitative mod...

2021 Spring

3

Theory

CH12 - AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS

The transition elements are able to form stable complexes with a wide range of molecules and ions.(a) State the meaning of transition element............

2021 Spring

2

Theory

CH12 - AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS

(a) Carboplatin and satraplatin are used as anticancer drugs instead of cisplatin. (i) Describe the action of cisplatin as an anticancer drug. ........

2021 Spring

2

Theory

CH19 - CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES

Fumaric acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid.\\[ \text{fumuric acid} \] \[ \text{HO}_2\text{C}=\text{CH}-\text{CH}=\text{CO}_2\text{H} \](a...

2021 Spring

2