Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Separate samples of $Na_2CO_3$ and $NaHCO_3$ react with $HCl(aq)$ to produce the same products, as shown in Table 2.1.[Table_1](a) Complete the reacti...

2024 Summer

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Write an equation to show the reaction for the standard enthalpy change of formation of $\text{H}_2\text{O}$. Include state symbols..................

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Nitrogen is found in inorganic compounds such as nitrogen oxides (NO\(_x\)), nitrates and nitric acid.(i) Identify one natural and one man-made oc...

2024 Winter

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Define enthalpy change of formation..................................................................................................................

2024 Summer

4

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Predict and explain the variation in enthalpy change of hydration for the ions F^−, Cl^−, Br^− and I^−. .....................................

2024 Winter

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Potassium iodide, KI, is used as a reagent in both inorganic and organic chemistry.(a) KI forms an ionic lattice that is soluble in water.(i) Define e...

2024 Spring

4

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Describe the trend in the solubility of the sulfates of magnesium, calcium and strontium. Explain your answer........................................

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Equation 1 shows water acting as a Brønsted–Lowry acid. equation 1 \[ \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{NO}_2^- \rightleftharpoons \text{HNO}_2 + \tex...

2024 Spring

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Carbon disulfide, $\text{CS}_2$, is flammable and reacts readily with oxygen, as shown in reaction 1.reaction 1 $\text{CS}_2(g) + 3\text{O}_2(g) \...

2024 Summer

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

(a) Define standard electrode potential, $E^\text{o}$, including a description of standard conditions.(b) (i) An electrochemical cell is set up to mea...

2024 Summer

3

Theory

CH2 - ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Fig. 1.1 shows how first ionisation energies vary across Period 2.(a) Construct an equation to represent the first ionisation energy of oxygen. Includ...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH1 - ATOMS, MOLECULES & STOICHIOMETRY

Some oxides of elements in Period 3 are shown.$\text{Na}_2\text{O}$\hspace{1cm}$\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$\hspace{1cm}$\text{P}_4\text{O}_6$\hspace{1cm}$\...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH11 - GROUP 17

The hydrogen halides HCl, HBr and HI are all colourless gases at room temperature.(a) The hydrogen halides can be formed by reacting the halogens with...

2022 Spring

3

Theory

CH18 - CARBONYL COMPOUNDS

Compounds J and K are found in plant oils.[Image_1: Illustration of compounds J and K]Fig. 4.1(a) (i) Complete Table 4.1 to state what you would obser...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH7 - EQUILIBRIA

Iodine is found naturally in compounds in many different oxidation states.(a) Iodide ions, $\text{I}^-$, react with acidified $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$(a...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH5 - CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Silicon is the second most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust.(a) In industry, silicon is extracted from SiO$_2$ by reaction with carbon at...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH12 - AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS

Titanium is a transition element in Period 4. It is commonly found as TiO2 in minerals.(a) (i) Define transition element.................................

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH14 - AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Compounds F and J are shown in Fig. 4.1.Fig. 4.1(a) F and J both contain the arene functional group.(i) Identify...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH19 - CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES

2-Chloropropanoic acid, CH₃CHClCOOH, is used in many chemical syntheses.(a) (i) An equilibrium is set up when CH₃CHClCOOH is added to water. Write...

2022 Spring

2

Theory

CH19 - CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES

Lidocaine is used as an anaesthetic. A synthesis of lidocaine is shown in Fig. 6.1.(a) W can be formed by reacting HOCH$_2$COOH with an excess of SOCl...

2022 Spring

2