Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Supplement Paper 2 2012 Summer Zone 1

A living organism, X, can make its own food, get rid of toxic materials and detect and respond to stimuli.

What other four processes must organism X carry out to stay alive?

A. excretion, growth, movement, sensitivity
B. excretion, growth, nutrition, respiration
C. growth, movement, reproduction, respiration
D. movement, reproduction, respiration, sensitivity

Which group of organisms has the following features?
• three pairs of jointed legs
• three-part segmented body
• one pair of antennae
A arachnids
B crustaceans
C insects
D myriapods

The table shows some characteristics of four different vertebrates.
Which vertebrate is a reptile?

[Table_1]

Table-1:
| | fins | legs | scales | hair |
|---|------|------|-------|------|
| A | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ |
| B | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| C | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ |
| D | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ |

key
✓ = feature present
✗ = feature absent

The diagram shows a fish.
Use the key to identify the fish.
1. black stripe across the eye ................................. go to 2
    no black stripe across the eye .......................... A
2. black stripe on caudal fin .................................. go to 3
    no black stripe on caudal fin ............................ B
3. black spot below dorsal fin ............................... C
    no black spot below dorsal fin ........................ D

The diagram shows a student's drawing of guard cells.
Which label is not correct?
[Image_1: Diagram with labels] A. chloroplast
B. cytoplasm
C. stoma
D. cell wall

The diagram shows a liver cell.
Which structure is found in a palisade cell that is not present in this liver cell?
A cell membrane
B chloroplast
C cytoplasm
D nucleus

Which diagram shows a plant cell? [Image_1: A - Neuron, B - Plant Cell, C - Sperm Cell, D - White Blood Cell]

Which statement about cells or tissues, is correct?
A Cells in the respiratory tract are long and thin.
B Muscle cells are biconcave.
C Red blood cells have no nucleus.
D Xylem vessels have ciliated cells.

Why do some root cells have root hairs?
A for the maintenance of the temperature of the cell sap
B to increase the surface area of the cells
C to increase the volume of the cell sap
D to provide a place for cell nuclei

Which structures must be present in a cell for osmosis to take place?
A. cell (sap) vacuole and cell wall
B. cell wall and cell membrane
C. chloroplast and cytoplasm
D. cytoplasm and cell membrane

A frog's skin is permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide.
When a frog is swimming in pond water, in which directions will oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse?
[Table_1]

Which chemical reaction takes place in the stomach?
A. Proteins are digested by protease.
B. Proteins are digested into fatty acids.
C. Starch is digested into amino acids.
D. Starch is digested by lipase.

Which row correctly identifies the chemical elements found in proteins?
[Table_1]
Table Key:
✓ = present
✗ = absent

A person has bleeding gums.
This could be caused by a lack of which nutrient?
A. calcium
B. iron
C. vitamin C
D. vitamin D

The diagram shows a cell with groups of bacteria around its edge.

The bacteria move to areas of high oxygen concentration.

Which process in the cell causes the bacteria to form these groups?
A digestion
B photosynthesis
C reproduction
D respiration

Which diagram shows the human double circulatory system?

The table shows the main contents of four meals.
Which meal will be the most effective at preventing constipation?

[Table_1]

Table 1: Nutrient content

| | g/100g |
|-------|-------------------|
| | carbohydrate | fat | fibre (roughage) | protein |
| **A** | 18 | 12 | 8 | 25 |
| **B** | 30 | 32 | 2 | 12 |
| **C** | 38 | 4 | 22 | 10 |
| **D** | 48 | 15 | 10 | 5 |

Why does chewing food speed up digestion?
A. Bacteria in the food are killed.
B. Food is mixed with protease.
C. The surface area of the food is increased.
D. The taste of food is improved.

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?
A. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
B. glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
C. glucose → alcohol + water
D. glucose → lactic acid + water

Which process depends on energy from respiration?

A. diffusion
B. osmosis
C. peristalsis
D. photosynthesis

Which set of conditions would make the percentage of water in urine decrease the most?
[Table_1]

The diagram shows the human urinary system.
Which substance is not found in the liquid at X in a healthy person?
A glucose
B salt
C toxins
D urea

The diagram shows a section through part of the eye.
X is a circular muscle.
What effect does it have when it contracts?
A decreases the size of the pupil
B increases the size of the pupil
C pulls on the lens, decreasing its curvature
D reduces the pull on the lens, increasing its curvature

Read the following sentence.

In order to prevent the human body from losing heat, the arterioles supplying the skin become narrow.

Which process does this sentence describe?

A: constriction
B: shivering
C: sweating
D: vasodilation

What special dietary advice should be given to a pregnant woman?
A Eat less fibre (roughage).
B Eat less protein.
C Eat plenty of fat.
D Eat plenty of iron.

A natural method of birth control assumes that sperms live for three days after intercourse, ovulation occurs between days 13-15 of the menstrual cycle and released ova live for 36 hours.
On which day of the cycle should intercourse not result in pregnancy?
A day 7 B day 10 C day 12 D day 16

In addition to a suitable temperature, what else is necessary for seed germination?
A. carbon dioxide and sunlight
B. mineral ions only
C. sunlight only
D. water and oxygen

Which process is an example of development?
A. a cell absorbing water and increasing in size
B. a cell dividing by mitosis
C. a root tip cell becoming a phloem cell
D. a sperm cell fertilising an egg cell

Which types of variation can be inherited?
[Table_1]

Which statement describes human cells formed by meiosis?
A. They are genetically identical and they become gametes.
B. They are genetically identical and they become tissues.
C. They are not genetically identical and they become gametes.
D. They are not genetically identical and they become tissues.

A short-toed animal was crossed with a long-toed animal of the same species. All the offspring had short toes. One of these offspring was crossed with another long-toed animal of the same species.
Which ratio of short-toed to long-toed animals should be expected?
A 1:1 B 2:1 C 3:1 D 4:1

The diagram shows a food chain.
Which organism is the producer?
[Image_1: A - rose-bush \rightarrow B - greenfly \rightarrow C - ladybird \rightarrow D - blue tit]

Which diagram shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem?
A. Sun → plants → animals → bacteria
B. Sun ← plants ← animals ← bacteria
C. Sun → plants ← animals ← bacteria
D. Sun → plants → animals → bacteria ↖

The diagram shows a food web.


Fungi are decomposers. What is their importance in this food web?
A. They control the number of toads.
B. They provide energy for plant growth.
C. They provide food for snakes.
D. They release minerals for plant growth.

During aerobic respiration glucose is broken down.
This process recycles
A. carbon only.
B. carbon and water.
C. energy only.
D. water only.

In an ecosystem, which are the only organisms to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
A carnivores
B decomposers
C herbivores
D producers

What name is given to the diagram below?

A. a food web pyramid
B. a population pyramid
C. a pyramid of biomass
D. a pyramid of energy

The diagram shows the results of a survey on the types of animals found along a stretch of river near to a factory.

Which of the following animals lives in the most polluted water?
A blood worm
B caddis fly larva
C leech
D stonefly nymph

The graph shows how oxygen concentration and the number of bacteria change when sewage is added to a river.



What describes the oxygen concentration and the number of bacteria between the point at which sewage is added and point P?
A. Oxygen concentration and number of bacteria stay the same.
B. Oxygen concentration decreases and number of bacteria increases.
C. Oxygen concentration increases and number of bacteria decreases.
D. Oxygen concentration remains the same and number of bacteria increases.

On the map shown, sulfur dioxide is produced at X. Which region is most likely to experience acid rain?
[Image showing regions A, B, C, D, sea, land mass, and wind direction labeled]