Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Supplement Paper 2 2015 Summer Zone 3

The diagram illustrates some of the processes carried out by living organisms.
[Image_1: Diagram showing the relationship between green plant and chicken with inputs and outputs described]
Which characteristic of living organisms is represented by arrow X?
A excretion
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

All fish, all birds and all mammals are
A animals with internal fertilisation.
B carnivores.
C vertebrates.
D warm-blooded animals.

The diagram shows four arthropods.


How many of these arthropods are insects?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

The diagram shows an animal.
Use the key to identify the animal.
1 has two wings ................................................................. go to 2
has four wings ................................................................. go to 3
2 has antennae much shorter than legs .................. A
has antennae about the same length as legs ...... B
3 has feathery antennae ............................................... C
has smooth antennae ................................................... D

The diagram shows a plant cell.
Which features show that it is a plant cell?
A. It has a cell wall and a vacuole.
B. It has a nucleus and cytoplasm.
C. It has a nucleus but no chloroplasts.
D. It has chloroplasts but no vacuole.

The cell shown in the diagram has been magnified 3000 times. The diagram is 21 mm wide.
What is the actual diameter of the cell?
A. 21 mm
B. \( \frac{21}{3000} \) mm
C. 21 \times 3000 mm
D. \( \frac{3000}{21} \) mm

Xylem is an example of
A. a cell.
B. a tissue.
C. an organ.
D. an organ system.

The diagram shows a cross-section through a plant root.
Q shows the part that is stained red when the root is placed in water containing a red dye.
What is found at Q?
A guard cells
B palisade cells
C phloem
D xylem

How do carbon dioxide and oxygen move in and out of a mesophyll cell?
A. active transport
B. diffusion
C. respiration
D. transpiration

The diagram shows an experiment set up to investigate osmosis in living cells.

What happens to the volumes of water (X) and sugar solution (Y) after 12 hours?

The diagram shows an experiment on the digestion of the protein in egg albumen by protease.
The protease was taken from a human stomach.
In which test-tube will the protein be digested most quickly?
[Image_1: Diagram depicting test tubes A, B, C, and D under a water-bath at 37°C with contents as follows:
A: egg albumen + protease
B: egg albumen + dilute hydrochloric acid
C: egg albumen + dilute hydrochloric acid + protease
D: egg albumen + dilute hydrochloric acid + boiled protease]

Which graph shows the effect of temperature between 20°C and 35°C on the activity of a human digestive enzyme?

Which product of photosynthesis moves out of a green leaf through its stomata?
A. carbon dioxide
B. glucose
C. oxygen
D. water

Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called rickets in which bones fail to develop properly.

The table shows some minerals and vitamins present in four foods.

Which food would be best for a child who has rickets?

[Table_1: The table with headings 'calcium', 'iron', 'vitamin C', 'vitamin D' with rows A, B, C, D indicating presence (✓) and absence (✗) of each substance]

Key
✓ = substance present
✗ = substance absent

A person ate food X. Food X was \textit{not} affected by enzymes until it reached the duodenum.
What was in food X?
A fat
B mineral ion
C protein
D starch

The diagram shows a plant shoot and the same shoot six hours later.



Which change in environmental conditions could cause this change in the shoot?

A a decrease in available water
B a decrease in light intensity
C a decrease in wind speed
D an increase in humidity

Why does chewing food speed up digestion?
A. Bacteria in the food are killed.
B. Food is mixed with protease.
C. The surface area of the food is increased.
D. The taste of food is improved.

Where does haemoglobin become oxyhaemoglobin?
A. heart
B. kidneys
C. liver
D. lungs

The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the respiration of yeast.

Which gas is evolved and which new compound is present after 24 hours?

A girl holds her breath for 30 seconds, breathes out, and then breathes in.
Compared with the air she breathes out, the air she breathes in contains less
A) carbon dioxide and water vapour.
B) nitrogen and water vapour.
C) oxygen and carbon dioxide.
D) oxygen and nitrogen.

Why does anaerobic respiration in muscles release less energy than aerobic respiration?
A) Energy is lost in carbon dioxide.
B) Energy is lost in oxygen.
C) Energy remains trapped in ethanol.
D) Energy remains trapped in lactic acid.

What is the function of the kidney?
A. making glucose and reabsorbing urea
B. making urea and removing salts
C. removing glucose and reabsorbing salts
D. removing urea and reabsorbing glucose

How does the skin react when the body becomes very warm?

[Table_1]

Table description: A table with two columns - 'blood vessels' and 'sweat production' with options:
- A: 'dilate' for blood vessels, 'almost stops' for sweat production
- B: 'dilate' for blood vessels, 'increases' for sweat production
- C: 'move towards skin surface' for blood vessels, 'almost stops' for sweat production
- D: 'move towards skin surface' for blood vessels, 'increases' for sweat production

Which diagram shows a sensory neurone? [Image_1: Diagrams labeled A, B, C, D]

The diagram shows the muscles that control the size of the pupil in an eye.

How do the muscles make the pupil smaller?
[Table_1]

The diagram shows some changes which take place during a woman's menstrual cycle.

Assuming ovulation occurs on day 14, what is occurring at the time of ovulation?
A a fall in the levels of oestrogen and progesterone
B a fall in the level of progesterone only
C a rise in the level of oestrogen
D a rise in the level of progesterone and fall in the level of oestrogen

The diagram shows a process in plant reproduction.

Which process is represented by arrow X?
A. fertilisation
B. pollen tube growth
C. pollination
D. seed dispersal

In addition to a suitable temperature, what else is always necessary for seed germination?
A. carbon dioxide and sunlight
B. mineral ions
C. sunlight and water
D. water and oxygen

The graph shows how human height changes with age.

In which age range is the growth rate slowest?
A 0–2 years
B 8–10 years
C 12–14 years
D 18–20 years

The diagram shows a plant cell.
Where is most of the DNA found?

The diagram shows the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell that divides by mitosis.
Which diagram shows the chromosomes in the nucleus of one of the daughter cells produced?
A B C D

The diagram shows the fusion of gametes to produce a son and a daughter.



What are the sex chromosomes in gamete Q and son R?

[Table_1]
A. Q: X, R: XX
B. Q: X, R: XY
C. Q: Y, R: XX
D. Q: Y, R: XY

Which organisms can be sources of energy for decomposers?
[Table_1]

The diagram shows a pyramid of biomass for all organisms in an ecosystem.

Which organisms are carnivores?
A P and Q
B P and R
C Q and R
D R and S

The diagram shows a food chain.

A disease reduced the numbers of consumer 3.
What would be the likely effect of this on the numbers of consumer 1 and consumer 2?
[Table_1]

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? A. combustion B. decomposition C. photosynthesis D. respiration

In which labelled stage in the water cycle is the water in vapour form?

The graph shows a growth curve for a population of yeast.

!(growth_curve.png)

Which two phases of the growth curve are caused by factors such as predation, disease or lack of food?
A. exponential (log) and death
B. exponential (log) and stationary
C. lag and exponential (log)
D. stationary and death

Which two gases both contribute to global warming?
A. carbon dioxide and methane
B. methane and oxygen
C. oxygen and sulfur dioxide
D. sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide

Lichens are organisms that do not grow well in air containing sulfur dioxide. Which graph shows the change in number of lichen species from the centre of an industrial city to the countryside 15 km away?
[Image_1: Graphs A, B, C, D showing various trends in number of lichen species against distance from city centre/km]