No questions found
The changes that occur when a substance changes state are shown below.
$$ \text{solid} \underset{Z}{\overset{W}{\leftrightarrows}} \text{liquid} \underset{Y}{\overset{X}{\leftrightarrows}} \text{gas} $$
Which process, W, X, Y or Z, is occurring in the following four situations?
1. Butter melts on a warm day.
2. Water condenses on a cold surface.
3. The volume of liquid ethanol in an open beaker reduces.
4. Ice forms inside a freezer.
[Table_1]
537
540
600
A student uses the apparatus shown in the diagram below to measure the volume of carbon dioxide gas made when different masses of marble chips are added to 25 cm\(^3\) of dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which other items of apparatus are needed?
520
501
591
Atoms contain electrons, neutrons and protons.
What is the definition of nucleon number?
587
514
578
The diagram shows the atomic structure of an element X.
What is X?
586
511
506
Which statements comparing the properties of electrons, neutrons and protons are correct?
[Table_1: Neutrons and protons are both heavier than electrons | Only electrons and neutrons are charged]
517
568
584
Rescuers are drilling through fallen rock in order to rescue some men trapped in a cave. The drill needs lubricating from time to time.
The following statements were made about the materials used for the drill tip and the lubricant and the reasons for their use.
1 Diamond was used for the drill tip as it does not conduct electricity.
2 Diamond was used for the drill tip as it is very hard.
3 Graphite was used as the lubricant as it conducts electricity.
4 Graphite was used as the lubricant as it is soft and flaky.
Which statements are correct?
503
505
526
In which compounds are pairs of electrons shared between atoms?
1. methane
2. lead bromide
3. sodium chloride
558
559
551
What is the relative formula mass, $M_r$, of CaCO$_3$?
574
515
551
Copper and hydrogen can each be formed by electrolysis.
At which electrodes are these elements formed? [Table_1]
514
507
528
The diagram shows a failed attempt to copper-plate a pan.
Which action will plate the pan with copper?
596
530
546
The diagrams show four chemical reactions.
Which reaction is endothermic?
517
568
507
Powdered marble reacts with hydrochloric acid using the apparatus shown.
The gas syringe fills in 36 seconds.
The experiment is repeated using marble chips in place of powdered marble.
How long does it take to fill the gas syringe in this experiment?
536
500
597
When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the solid changes to blue.
$\text{CoCl}_2.6\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons \text{CoCl}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O}$
What happens when water is added to the blue solid?
[Table_1]
529
566
510
In which change is chromium(II) oxide, CrO, reduced?
507
569
500
The table shows the pH of four aqueous solutions, W, X, Y and Z.
[Table_1]
Universal Indicator is added to each solution.
Which row shows the colour of each solution after the indicator is added?
505
510
577
Hydrochloric acid is used to clean metals.
The acid reacts with the oxide layer on the surface of the metal, forming a salt and water.
Which word describes the metal oxide?
579
503
504
Four steps to prepare a salt from an excess of a solid base and an acid are listed.
1 crystallisation
2 evaporation
3 filtration
4 neutralisation
In which order are the steps carried out?
515
580
542
Which two compounds give a white precipitate when their aqueous solutions are mixed?
556
537
510
Which element is in the same group of the Periodic Table as lithium?
[Table_1]
570
510
547
Which properties of the element titanium, Ti, can be predicted from its position in the Periodic Table?
542
599
510
The following statements are about elements in the Periodic Table.
1. Their atoms have a full outer shell of electrons.
2. They form basic oxides.
3. They are found in Group 0.
4. They are present in small quantities in the air.
Which statements are correct for the noble gases?
597
519
509
In the outline of the Periodic Table below, some elements are shown as numbers. Which two numbers are metals in the same period?
576
589
557
Solder is an alloy of lead and tin. It is used for joining pieces of metal. Which statement about solder is correct?
544
544
515
Which row describes the conditions used to make steel from the iron produced by a blast furnace?
[Table_1]
564
530
600
W, X, Y and Z are four metals.
Some properties of these metals are listed below.
1. Only W and Z can be extracted by reduction of their oxides with carbon.
2. Only X will react with cold water.
3. Only Z can be found ‘native’ (not combined with any other element).
What is the correct order of these metals in the reactivity series (most reactive first)?
535
579
595
The diagram shows stages in producing drinking water.
In which tank is chlorine added to the water?
536
588
565
Which gas is \textit{not} found in clean air?
561
563
561
Which combination of chemical compounds could be used to produce the fertiliser shown?
535
567
587
The pollutants released into the air from car exhausts and some power stations include oxides of the type XO and YO2.
What are X and Y? [Table_1]
518
552
557
Which statement about rusting is not correct?
521
504
597
Carbon dioxide and methane are 'greenhouse gases' which contribute to global warming. Which process does not increase global warming?
541
575
504
These statements are about a gas.
1. It is produced by thermal decomposition of a carbonate.
2. It is produced by the fermentation of glucose.
3. It makes up 1% of unpolluted air.
4. It is produced during the production of steel from iron.
Which statements are correct for carbon dioxide?
533
573
574
The diagram represents a lime kiln.
What leaves the furnace at X?
522
560
507
The structures of four organic compounds are shown.
Which statement is not correct?
553
559
516
Which statement about petroleum is not correct?
531
570
534
Which statement about alkane molecules is correct?
500
504
562
Which statements are correct for ethanoic acid?
1. It contains a carbon-oxygen double bond.
2. It contains two carbon atoms.
3. It decolourises bromine water.
4. It contains an –OH group.
520
560
594
A hydrocarbon A is cracked to make B and hydrogen. Compound C is formed by the addition polymerisation of B. To which homologous series do A, B and C belong? [Table_1]
533
520
598
By which of the following methods is ethanol formed?
1. fractional distillation of petroleum
2. fermentation
3. catalytic addition of steam to ethene
509
582
513
