AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2011 Winter Zone 2

Which quantity can be measured in electronvolts (eV)?

What is the ratio $\frac{10^{-3} \text{ THz}}{10^{3} \text{ kHz}}$?

The following physical quantities can be either positive or negative.

\(s\): displacement of a particle along a straight line
\(\theta\): temperature on the Celsius scale
\(q\): electric charge
\(V\): readings on a digital voltmeter

Which of these quantities are vectors?

A micrometer is used to measure the diameters of two cylinders.

diameter of first cylinder = 12.78 ± 0.02 mm

diameter of second cylinder = 16.24 ± 0.03 mm

The difference in the diameters is calculated.

What is the uncertainty in this difference?

The speedometer in a car consists of a pointer which rotates. The pointer is situated several millimetres from a calibrated scale.

What could cause a random error in the driver’s measurement of the car’s speed?

The velocity of an object during the first five seconds of its motion is shown on the graph.

What is the distance travelled by the object in this time? 

A stone of mass $m$ is dropped from a tall building. There is significant air resistance. The acceleration of free fall is $g$.

When the stone reaches its terminal velocity, which information is correct?

The variation with time $t$ of the distance $s$ moved by a body is shown below.

What can be deduced from the graph about the motion of the body? 

A golf ball is hit by a club. The graph shows the variation with time of the force exerted on the ball by the club.

Which quantity, for the time of contact, cannot be found from the graph? 

A group of students investigating the principle of conservation of momentum use a small truck travelling over a frictionless surface.

Sand is dropped into the truck as it passes X. At Y, a trapdoor in the bottom of the truck opens and the sand falls out.

How does the velocity of the truck change when the sand is added to the truck at X and then leaves the truck at Y? 

An object of mass 20 kg is travelling at a constant speed of 6.0 $m s^{-1}.$

It collides with an object of mass 12 kg travelling at a constant speed of 15 $m s^{-1}$ in the opposite direction. The objects stick together.

What is the speed of the objects immediately after the collision?

Two possible displacements of an object are represented by the vectors P and Q.

Which vector best represents the resultant displacement (P - Q) of the object? 

Two co-planar forces act on the rim of a wheel. The forces are equal in magnitude.

Which arrangement of forces provides only a couple? 

A trailer of weight 30 kN is hitched to a cab at X, as shown in the diagram.

What is the upward force exerted by the cab on the trailer at X? 

When a horizontal force $F$ is applied to a frictionless trolley over a distance $s$, the kinetic energy of the trolley changes from 4 J to 8 J.

If a force of $2F$ is applied to the trolley over a distance of $2s$, what will the original kinetic energy of 4 J become?

The kinetic energy of a vehicle of mass 1000 kg is $4.5 \times 10^5$ J. It is braked with a total constant braking force of 6000 N.

What will be its stopping distance?

In many old-style filament lamps, as much as 92 J of energy is emitted as thermal energy for every 8 J of energy emitted as light.

What is the efficiency of the lamp, as the percentage of electrical energy converted to light energy?

What is the unit of power in SI base units?

In an experiment to demonstrate Brownian motion, smoke particles in a container are illuminated by a strong light source and observed through a microscope.

The particles are seen as small specks of light that are in motion.

What causes the Brownian motion?

A horizontal plate of area \(0.036 \ \text{m}^2\) is beneath the surface of a liquid of density \(930 \ \text{kg} \ \text{m}^{-3}\). The force on the plate due to the pressure of the liquid is \(290 \ \text{N}\).

What is the depth of the plate beneath the surface of the liquid?

The graph shows the relationship between stress and strain for three wires of the same linear dimensions but made from different materials.

Which statements are correct?

1. The extension of P is approximately twice that of Q for the same stress.
2. The ratio of the Young modulus for P to that of Q is approximately two.
3. For strain less than 0.1, R obeys Hooke's law. 

The graph shows the effect of applying a force of up to 5 N to a spring.

What is the total increase in length produced by a 7 N force, assuming the spring obeys Hooke’s law? 

The following force-extension graphs are drawn to the same scale. Which graph represents the deformed object with the greatest amount of elastic potential energy?

A wave that can be polarised must be

Which statement about electromagnetic radiation is correct?

The diagram shows two sinusoidal waveforms.

At time $t = 0$ the waves are in phase. At the dotted line, $t = 18 ext{ s}$.

At which time is the phase difference between the two oscillations $\frac{1}{8}$ of a cycle? 

A sound wave is set up in a long tube, closed at one end. The length of the tube is adjusted until the sound from the tube is loudest.

What is the nature of the sound wave in the tube?

Two light sources produce visible interference fringes only in certain circumstances. Which condition enables visible interference fringes to be formed?

The diagram shows a pair of parallel metal plates 4.0 mm apart connected to a 9.0 V battery.

What is the electric field strength between the plates? 

Which path shows a possible movement of an electron in the electric field shown?

The diagram shows a non-uniform electric field near a positively charged and a negatively charged sphere. Four electrons, A, B, C and D, are shown at different positions in the field. On which electron is the direction of the force on the electron shown correctly?

A charge of 8.0 C passes through a resistor of resistance 30 \( \Omega \) at a constant rate in a time of 20 s.
What is the potential difference across the resistor?

The graph shows the variation with potential difference (p.d.) of the current in a lamp filament.
Which statement explains the shape of this graph?

Two electrically-conducting cylinders X and Y are made from the same material. Their dimensions are as shown.
The resistance of each cylinder is measured between its ends. What is the ratio $$\frac{\text{resistance of X}}{\text{resistance of Y}}$$?

A power supply of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 12 V and internal resistance 2 Ω is connected in series with a load resistor. The value of the load resistor is varied from 0.5 Ω to 4 Ω.
Which graph shows how the power $P$ dissipated in the load resistor varies with the resistance of the load resistor?

Each of Kirchhoff’s laws is linked to the conservation of a physical quantity.
Which physical quantities are assumed to be conserved in the formulation of Kirchhoff’s first law and of Kirchhoff’s second law? [Table_1]

The diagram shows a potential divider circuit which, by adjustment of the contact X, can be used to provide a variable potential difference between the terminals P and Q.

What are the limits of this potential difference?

A constant 60 V d.c. supply is connected across two resistors of resistance 400 kΩ and 200 kΩ.

What is the reading on a voltmeter, also of resistance 200 kΩ, when connected across the 200 kΩ resistor as shown in the diagram?

Which statement concerning \( \alpha \)-particles is correct?

A nucleus of the nuclide $^{241}_{94}\text{Pu}$ decays by emission of a $\beta$-particle followed by the emission of an $\alpha$-particle.
Which nucleus is formed?