AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2021 Winter Zone 2

Which row shows what all physical quantities must have? [Table_1]

What is an alternative way of expressing an energy of 43 dJ?

A tennis ball is hit so that it leaves the racket with velocity $v$ at an angle $\theta$ to the horizontal.
The vertical component of the velocity is $v_y$.
What is the magnitude of the horizontal component of $v$?

Four cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO) screens each display a waveform. The screen and the time-base setting of each CRO is shown.

Which screens show waveforms of the same frequency?

A student measures the time $T$ for one complete oscillation of a pendulum of length $l$. Her results are shown in the table.
[Table_1]
She uses the formula
$T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}$
to calculate the acceleration of free fall $g$. What is the best estimate of the percentage uncertainty in the value of $g$?

The graph shows the variation with time $t$ of the velocity of a vehicle moving in a straight line.

The vehicle, moving at 4.0 m s$^{-1}$, begins to accelerate at time $t = 0$.

What is the vehicle’s acceleration at time $t = 3.0$ s? 

A stone is projected vertically upwards from the ground at an initial speed of $15 \, \text{ms}^{-1}$. Air resistance is negligible.

What is the maximum height reached by the stone?

What is meant by the mass of an object?

The diagram shows two parachutists, X and Y, moving vertically downwards.

The total mass of parachutist Y and his parachute is twice the total mass of parachutist X and his parachute. At this moment, the air resistance on parachute Y is twice the air resistance on parachute X. Neither parachutist has reached his constant (terminal) velocity. Which statement describes the acceleration of Y compared with the acceleration of X? 

The table shows four different collisions between two blocks, each of mass 0.50 kg.

Which collision is perfectly elastic? 

A cylindrical block of wood has cross-sectional area \( A \) and weight \( W \). It is totally immersed in water with its axis vertical. The block experiences pressures \( p_t \) and \( p_b \) at its top and bottom surfaces respectively.

What is the upthrust on the block?

Two forces, each of magnitude $F$, act on a disc of diameter $s$, as shown.

What is the torque exerted on the disc? 

A mass of 500 g is attached at one end of a rod of length 1.50 m. The rod is pivoted at a distance of 25 cm from the other end. The rod is horizontal.

What is the moment about the pivot due to the mass? 

A beam QR is held in position by a wire PQ. The structure is used to form a crane supporting a stationary load of 4.0 kN, as shown.

What is the force exerted by the beam QR on point Q? 

A metal cylinder, totally immersed in water, is hung from a newton meter.

The cylinder, of height $L$, is slowly raised vertically by lifting the newton meter.

As the base of the cylinder moves from line $X$ in the water to line $Y$ above the surface of the water, the reading $R$ on the newton meter is recorded. The velocity of the cylinder is constant.

Which graph best shows the variation of $R$ with the distance $d$ of the base of the cylinder from line $X$? 

A ball is thrown vertically upwards into the air. It rises to the top of its path before beginning to fall vertically downwards.

Assume that the gravitational potential energy of the ball is zero at its starting position.

Which statement about the ball is not correct? 

An object slides with constant velocity across a horizontal sheet of ice. Friction is negligible.

A constant horizontal force of 2.1 N is then applied to the object as shown.

A short time after applying the force, the object reaches point X at a displacement of 4.0 m from its position when the force was first applied.

What is the work done by the force on the object as it travels to point X? 

The energy conversions inside a power station burning fossil fuel can be simplified as shown.

chemical energy $W \to$ thermal energy $X \to$ electrical energy $Y$

Which expression gives the efficiency of the power station?

Car X is travelling at half the speed of car Y. Car X has twice the mass of car Y.

Which statement is correct?

The total weight of a motorbike and rider is 1800 N. The motorbike travels in a straight line at constant speed up a hill at an angle of 30° to the horizontal.

The useful output power of the motorbike is 36000 W. The total resistive force due to air resistance and friction on the motorbike and rider is 2400 N. 
What is the speed of the motorbike? 

Three springs are arranged vertically as shown.

Springs P and Q are identical and each has spring constant $k$. Spring R has spring constant $3k$.

What is the increase in the overall length of the arrangement when a force $W$ is applied as shown? 

A length of metal wire is attached to a fixed point and hangs vertically. Masses are then suspended from the wire. Assume that the cross-sectional area of the wire remains constant.

A stress–strain graph for the wire is plotted, as shown.

What is represented by the shaded area under the graph? 

The table contains descriptions and examples of waves.

Which  is correct?

A sound wave from a loudspeaker is reflected back along its original path by a reflector.

A microphone is initially at point X where the sound intensity is a minimum, as shown.

The microphone is moved towards the reflector and passes through four more intensity minima until reaching a fifth minimum at point Y. The distance XY is 70.0 cm.

What is the wavelength of the sound? 

A train travels in a straight line at a constant speed of 30 m s^-1. The train's horn continuously emits sound of frequency 2400 Hz.

A stationary observer stands next to the train track. The train approaches the stationary observer, passes him and then moves away.

The speed of sound is 340 m s^-1.

What is the maximum difference in the frequencies of the sound heard by the stationary observer?

Electromagnetic waves of frequency 30 THz are in a vacuum.

In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum are the waves?

A stationary wave is produced on a string that is stretched between two fixed points that are a distance of 1.35 m apart, as shown.

The speed of the waves on the string is 450 m s^{-1}.

What is the frequency of oscillation of the stationary wave?

A beam of laser light is directed towards a narrow slit.

After emerging from the other side of the slit, the diffracted light then falls on a screen.

What is the pattern of light seen on the screen?

Two waves, each with a constant amplitude, interfere and produce an interference pattern. The pattern has minima at fixed points where the displacement is zero at all times.

Which statement describes the two waves?

Light of wavelength $5.5 \times 10^{-7}$ m is incident normally on a diffraction grating.

The angle between the second-order diffraction maxima is $80^\circ$, as shown. What is the number of lines per metre of the diffraction grating?

Four diagrams representing the electric field between two oppositely charged point charges are shown.

Which diagram correctly shows the electric field lines? 

A proton enters the uniform electric field between two parallel vertical metal plates in a vacuum. One plate is at a potential of 0 V and the other plate is at a potential of +10 V, as shown. 

What is the initial change in the motion of the proton caused by the electric field, immediately after the proton enters the field?

What is a description of the coulomb?

A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 10 V and internal resistance 5.0Ω is connected to a 5.0Ω load resistor.

Which change occurs when the 5.0Ω load resistor is replaced with a 50Ω load resistor?

The graphs show the variation with potential difference $V$ of the current $I$ for three circuit components.

The components are a metal wire at constant temperature, a semiconductor diode and a filament lamp.

Which row correctly identifies these graphs? [Table_1]

The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a cell is 6.0 V. It has negligible internal resistance and is connected across a resistor. The potential difference (p.d.) across the resistor is also 6.0 V. The e.m.f. and the p.d. have the same numerical value but represent different processes. Which statement about the different processes is correct?

A battery of negligible internal resistance is connected to three resistors, as shown.
The potential difference across each resistor is 2 V.
The current from the battery is 0.4 A and the current through one of the resistors connected in parallel is 0.3 A.
What is the current through the other resistor connected in parallel and what is the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery?

A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 9.0 V and internal resistance 1.0 Ω is connected to a fixed resistor of resistance 5.0 Ω and a potentiometer of maximum resistance 3.0 Ω, as shown.

The sliding contact of the potentiometer is moved over its full range of movement.
What is the maximum value of the potential difference that is measured by the voltmeter?

An unstable nucleus decays by emitting a $\beta^+$ particle. Which statement is correct?

Which statement is not correct?