AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2021 Winter Zone 3

A paperback book contains 210 sheets of paper (pages). Its thickness is measured with a ruler, as shown. What is the average thickness of one sheet of the paper in the book?

What is the unit of resistance when expressed in SI base units?

Which list consists only of scalar quantities?

The output of a signal generator is connected to a cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO). A trace is shown on the screen.
The time-base of the CRO is set at 2.00 ms cm^-1.
What is the frequency of the signal?

After measuring the width of a shelf to be 305 mm, it is found that the graduations on the ruler used are 1.0 % further apart than they should be.
Which type of measurement error is this and what is the true width of the shelf?
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The graph shows the variation with time of the acceleration of a car. 

What must the shaded area under the graph represent? 

A stone is thrown horizontally off a cliff and then lands in the sea. Air resistance is negligible.

Which statement about the stone’s motion is not correct?

Water is pumped through a hose-pipe at a rate of 90 kg per minute. Water emerges horizontally from the hose-pipe with a speed of 20 m s$^{-1}$.

What is the minimum force required from a person holding the hose-pipe to prevent it moving backwards?

A skydiver leaves a stationary balloon and falls vertically through a long distance. Which graph best represents the variation of the acceleration $a$ of the skydiver with the distance $s$ travelled as she falls through the air? 

The diagram shows two spheres approaching each other head-on. Each sphere has speed $u$. One sphere has mass $2m$ and the other has mass $m$.

Which diagram shows the result of a perfectly elastic collision? 

A spherical object falls through water at a constant speed. Three forces act on the object.

Which diagram, showing these three forces to scale, is correct?

Two forces act as a couple.

Which statement about the two forces must not be correct?

A sign outside a shop is suspended from a rusty horizontal hinge at its top end. The sign hangs in equilibrium at an angle of 25° to the vertical, as shown.

The sign is a square of side length 52 cm and uniform thickness. It has a mass of 36 kg.

What is the moment of the weight of the sign about the hinge? 

A uniform rod of length 200 cm is freely pivoted at point P. The rod is held horizontally in equilibrium by a 60 N weight that is attached to the rod by a string passing over a frictionless pulley.

What is the weight of the rod? 

The diagram shows two blocks X and Y.

Block X has sides of length $a$. When block X is placed in a liquid of density $\rho$ with the shaded face level with the liquid surface, it experiences an upthrust $U$.

Block Y has horizontal sides of length $a$ and $2a$ and height $\frac{1}{2}a$. Block Y is placed in a liquid of density $2\rho$, also with the shaded face level with the liquid surface.

What is the upthrust on block Y?

A gas is contained inside a syringe, as shown.

The initial volume of the gas is 2.00 cm³.

Atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa.

What is the work done by the gas on the atmosphere when the gas is heated and expands to a volume of 6.00 cm³? 

A mechanical device does useful work at rate X and wastes energy at rate Y.

Which expression gives the efficiency of this device?

Car P has kinetic energy 240 kJ.

Car Q has half the mass and twice the speed of car P.

What is the kinetic energy of car Q?

A water pump is driven by an engine. The pump raises a volume of 0.50 m³ of water in 1.0 minute from a depth of 30 m. The pump has an efficiency of 70%. The density of water is 1000 kg m$^{-3}$.

What is the useful output power from the engine?

Which spring combination has an overall spring constant of 8.0 $N m^{-1}$?

A metal wire is stretched to breaking point and the force–extension graph is plotted.

Which graph is correctly labelled with the elastic region, the plastic region and the area representing the work done to stretch the wire until it breaks?

A longitudinal wave travels through a long spring. The spring is shown at one instant.

What is the wavelength of the wave? 

Which statement about waves is correct?

A stationary sound wave is formed in a pipe that is closed at one end and open at the other end. The wave has two antinodes. One of these antinodes is at the open end of the pipe.

The length of the pipe is 0.600 m. The speed of sound in the air column in the pipe is $340  m s^{-1}$.

What is the frequency of the sound wave?

A train travels at constant speed along a straight track. The train’s horn emits sound of frequency 500 Hz.

A person standing by the side of the track hears sound of frequency 450 Hz.

The speed of sound in air is 340 m s^-1.

What is the speed of the train and in which direction is it travelling relative to the person? 

A smooth surface has bumps on the surface that are smaller than the wavelength of visible light.

What is the approximate maximum size of the largest bumps on the surface?

Two progressive waves travel in opposite directions and form a stationary wave. The graph shows the variation with distance $x$ of the displacement of the stationary wave and of one of the two progressive waves at the same instant in time.

What are the approximate displacements of the other progressive wave at the positions J, K and L?

Which diagram shows the diffraction of water waves in a ripple tank? 

Interference fringes are produced on a screen by double-slit interference using light of wavelength 600 nm. The fringe separation is 4.0 mm and the separation of the slits is 0.60 mm.

What is the distance between the double slit and the screen?

A ray of green light is incident normally on a diffraction grating. Several bright spots are produced on a screen on the other side of the grating, as shown.

Which pair of changes could result in bright spots at exactly the same angles as previously? 

Two parallel metal plates are at electric potentials of +800 V and +1300 V. Which diagram best represents the electric field between the metal plates? 

An electron is in a uniform electric field of field strength 1500 V m$^{-1}$. What is the acceleration of the electron due to the electric field?

A lightning strike transfers $1 \times 10^{20}$ electrons past a point in a time of $30 \mu s$.
What is the average current during the lightning strike?

A cell has an electromotive force (e.m.f.) of 6 V and internal resistance $R$. An external resistor, also of resistance $R$, is connected across this cell, as shown.

Power $P$ is dissipated by the external resistor.
The cell is replaced by a different cell that has an e.m.f. of 6 V and negligible internal resistance.
What is the new power that is dissipated in the external resistor?

A wire of uniform cross-section has resistance $R$.
A second wire is made of the same material but is twice as long and has twice the diameter of the first wire.
What is the resistance of the second wire?

The diagram shows two resistor networks. What is the ratio \( \frac{\text{total resistance of network 1}}{\text{total resistance of network 2}} \)?

The circuit shown contains three cells of electromotive forces 3.0 V, 2.0 V and 4.0 V, in series with a resistor of resistance 5.0 \(\Omega\). The cells have negligible internal resistance.

What is the current \(I\) in the circuit?

When \(\alpha\)-particles are fired at a thin metal foil, most of the particles pass straight through but a few are deflected by a large angle.
Which change would increase the \textbf{proportion} of \(\alpha\)-particles deflected by a large angle?

A nucleus of neptunium-236 contains 93 protons and 143 neutrons. This nucleus decays with the emission of an \( \alpha \)-particle. The nucleus formed then emits a \( \beta^{-} \)-particle.
Which diagram shows the changes in the number \( P \) of protons and the number \( N \) of neutrons in these nuclei?

Which combination of quarks could not be the quark composition of the hadron shown?

p = proton
n = neutron
$\Sigma^- = \text{sigma particle of charge} -e$
$\Sigma^+ = \text{sigma particle of charge} +e$
u = up quark
d = down quark
s = strange quark

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