Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Supplement Paper 2 2011 Summer Zone 2

The diagram shows a food web.

Which of the following is a food chain in this web?
A. grass → rabbits → eagle
B. grass → voles → eagle
C. rabbit fleas → rabbits → grass
D. seeds → voles → mice

In a particular habitat, hyaenas eat antelopes and grass is eaten by antelopes.
What is the source of energy for the grass?
A antelopes
B carbon dioxide
C hyaenas
D the Sun

A single tree is food for a large population of caterpillars. Several small birds eat the caterpillars. The small birds are eaten by a bird of prey.

Which diagram shows the pyramid of numbers for this food chain?

[Image_A]
[Image_B]
[Image_C]
[Image_D]

The diagram shows some of the effects of human activity on a river.

What could have caused these effects?
A air pollution
B deforestation
C over-use of fertilisers
D presence of weed killers

A large area is heavily overgrazed for many years. What is the effect on soil nutrients and soil erosion?

[Table_1]

Table 1:

| | soil nutrients | soil erosion |
|---------|----------------|--------------|
| A | decrease | decrease |
| B | decrease | increase |
| C | increase | decrease |
| D | increase | increase |

An organism has dry scales covering its body. To which vertebrate group does it belong?
A. amphibian
B. fish
C. mammal
D. reptile

The diagram shows an animal.

Use the key to identify the animal.

1 has legs ............................................. go to 2
has no legs ........................................ go to 3
2 has a shell .......................................... animal A
has no shell ..................................... animal B
3 has one muscular foot ..................... animal C
has more than one foot ................. animal D

What are enzymes made of?
A carbohydrates
B DNA
C fats
D proteins

At which temperature do most enzymes from the human body become completely denatured?
A 0°C
B 27°C
C 40°C
D 65°C

The diagram shows a developing human fetus within the uterus.

What is a main function of X?
A passing faeces to the mother
B passing oxygen to the fetus
C passing the mother's blood to the fetus
D protecting the fetus from knocks

The diagram shows a pod from a pea plant.
Which line correctly shows the path that was taken by a pollen tube to an ovule?
[Image_1: Diagram of a pea plant pod with paths labeled A, B, C, D]

In rabbits, the allele for dark fur, R, is dominant to the allele for white fur, r.
The diagram shows a cross between a rabbit with dark fur and a rabbit with white fur.

What are the genotypes of the offspring?
A) Rr and rr
B) RR and rr
C) RR and Rr
D) R and r

What is always found in female gametes and may be found in male gametes?
A. one X chromosome
B. one Y chromosome
C. two X chromosomes
D. one X chromosome and one Y chromosome

In which order does water pass through these structures in a plant?
A mesophyll → root hair → xylem
B mesophyll → xylem → root hair
C root hair → mesophyll → xylem
D root hair → xylem → mesophyll

Which pair of substances is transported in the phloem?
A amino acids and protein
B amino acids and sucrose
C protein and starch
D starch and sucrose

What is formed first in a leaf as a result of photosynthesis?
A. cellulose
B. protein
C. starch
D. sugar

The diagram illustrates changes in air pressure taking place inside the lungs during a complete cycle of breathing. Atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa.

Which position on the graph corresponds to the point at which the ribs are beginning to be raised?

The graph shows the rate and depth of a person's breathing before exercise.
Which graph shows the rate and depth of breathing of the same person immediately after a period of exercise?

The diagram shows four arthropods.

How many of these arthropods are insects?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.
[Image]
Which process is taking place at X?
A combustion
B decomposition
C photosynthesis
D respiration

The diagram shows part of the water cycle.
Which arrow represents condensation?

Which characteristic is shown when a person detects a gas in the air by its smell?
A. excretion
B. movement
C. respiration
D. sensitivity

Which statement about respiration is not correct?
A. All living cells respire.
B. Heat is always produced.
C. Plants respire in the light and in the dark.
D. Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.

Which process does not involve an increase in dry mass?
A a bacterium getting larger before it divides
B a fetus developing inside the uterus
C a green shoot growing towards light
D a seed germinating under the ground

The diagram shows four flasks which were set up to investigate the conditions needed for germination.

In which experiment will the seeds germinate most quickly?

Some bacteria were grown in a nutrient solution over a period of two weeks. The graph shows how the population of bacteria changed during this time.
Which is the lag phase in the growth of this population?

The diagram shows a plant cell.



Which labelled structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

A P and Q B Q and R C R and S D S and T

The diagram shows another plant cell.
Which feature indicates that it is a palisade cell?
A a large nucleus
B a large vacuole
C a thick cell wall
D many chloroplasts

Which structures are adapted for supporting a plant?
A. phloem tissues
B. root hair cells
C. stomata
D. xylem vessels

The diagram shows some parts from the blood of a mammal.
Which part would contain the breakdown products of bacterial cells?

Which describes the structure and function of a red blood cell?
[Table_1]

Boiling potatoes destroys their cell membranes. A peeled, boiled potato strip is placed in a concentrated solution of salts. [Image_1: diagram of a boiled potato strip in a solution] What takes place? [Table_1: osmosis and solute diffusion table] Key: ✓ = takes place ✗ = does not take place

A red blood cell is placed in a concentrated sugar solution.
What happens and why?
A The cell bursts as sugar molecules diffuse into it.
B The cell bursts because the concentrated sugar solution enters it.
C The cell shrinks because sugar molecules leave it.
D The cell shrinks because water leaves it.

Nutrients are made up of smaller basic units. Nutrients can be identified by food tests. Complete the table given below:

In which part of the body does the breakdown of drugs occur?
A. brain
B. heart
C. kidneys
D. liver

The graph shows pH changes in the mouth after eating.

Why is it a good idea to brush teeth after eating?
A Acidic conditions help bacteria to grow.
B Acids dissolve tooth enamel.
C Alkaline conditions help bacteria to grow.
D Alkalis dissolve tooth enamel.

The diagram shows a cell.
What type of cell is shown?
A ciliated cell
B motor neurone
C relay neurone
D sensory neurone

The diagram shows four specialised cells.
[Image_1: liver cell, white blood cell, muscle cell, sperm cell]
Which feature is not common to all of these cells?
A cell membrane
B cytoplasm
C diploid number of chromosomes
D nucleus

Weeds are growing in a crop. What should be used to kill the weeds?
A. artificial fertiliser
B. herbicide
C. magnesium salts
D. organic manure

When a bright light is shone into the eye, the diameter of the pupil decreases. What is this an example of?
A accommodation
B a simple reflex
C photosynthesis
D voluntary response