AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2016 Winter Zone 2

Concrete has a density of $2400\, \text{kg m}^{-3}$.
Which mass of concrete fills a rectangular space of dimensions $8.0\, \text{cm} \times 90\, \text{cm} \times 110\, \text{cm}$?

The speed $v$ of sound in a gas is given by the equation $$v = \sqrt{\frac{\gamma P}{\rho}}$$ where $P$ is the pressure of the gas, $\rho$ is its density and $\gamma$ is a constant. What are the SI base units of $\gamma$?

The motion of an object moving from rest with a constant acceleration a may be represented by the equation shown.
$v^2 = 2as$
Which row describes the quantities represented by the symbols $v$ and $s$?
[Table_1]

A cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) displays a waveform as shown.
The time interval between two adjacent peaks of the waveform is 0.006 s.
What is the time-base setting of the c.r.o.?

A value for the acceleration of free fall on Earth is given as $(10 \pm 2) \, \text{ms}^{-2}$.
Which statement is correct?

An experiment to determine atmospheric pressure $P$ uses the equation $P = \rho gh$ where
$\rho = (13600 \pm 100) \text{ kg m}^{-3}$,
$g = (9.81 \pm 0.02) \text{ m s}^{-2}$,
$h = (0.762 \pm 0.005) \text{ m}$.
What is the value of $P$, with its uncertainty, when stated to an appropriate number of significant figures?

A lorry travels at a constant speed and then decelerates until it stops. Which graph shows the variation with time of the distance travelled by the lorry?

The graph shows the vertical velocity of a parachutist during the first 20 s of her jump.

Approximately how far does she fall before opening the parachute? 

A girl is jumping on a trampoline. Which graph shows the variation of the girl’s velocity $v$ with time $t$? 

In order that a train can stop safely, it will always pass a signal showing a yellow light before it reaches a signal showing a red light. Drivers apply the brake at the yellow light and this results in a uniform deceleration to stop exactly at the red light.

The distance between the red and yellow lights is $x$.

If the speed of the train is increased by 20%, without changing the deceleration of the train, what must be the minimum distance between the lights?

Two frictionless trolleys are moving towards each other along the same horizontal straight line. Their masses and velocities are shown.

The trolleys collide and stick together.

What is the velocity of the trolleys after the collision? 

A bullet of mass 8.0 g travels at a speed of 300 ms$^{-1}$. The bullet hits a target and stops after a time of 100 μs.

What is the average force exerted by the target on the bullet?

A light ball is falling vertically through air. The variation with time $t$ of the resistive force $F_R$ acting on the ball is shown.

At which times are the speed of the ball zero, the speed at a maximum and the acceleration zero?

Which diagram best shows the forces acting on a ball falling at a constant velocity through a liquid?

A minimum torque of 20 N m must be applied to the lid of a jar for it to open. The radius of the lid is 4.0 cm.

What is the minimum force $F$ that must act on each side of the lid in order to open it? 

The diagram shows the brake system of a car.

The pipes are filled with incompressible liquid. When a force is applied to the brake pedal, the pressure in the liquid increases and applies a force to each of the four wheels.

The area of the piston connected to the brake pedal is 8 cm$^2$.

The area of each piston connected to the brakes is 12 cm$^2$.

A force of 800 N is applied by the foot to the brake pedal.

What is the force applied to each brake? 

A rigid cross-shaped structure having four arms PO, SO, QO and RO, each 1.00 m long, is pivoted at O. Forces act on the ends of the arms and on the midpoints of the arms as shown . What is the magnitude of the resultant moment on the structure about O?

On the surface of a planet, 30 J of work is done against gravity to raise a mass of 1.0 kg through a height of 10 m.

How much work must be done to raise a mass of 4.0 kg through a height of 5.0 m on this planet?

The speed of a car increases from 10 $\, \text{ms}^{-1}$  to 15 $\, \text{ms}^{-1}$ and its kinetic energy increases by $E_1$.

Later, the speed of the car increases from 15 $\, \text{ms}^{-1}$ to 25 $\, \text{ms}^{-1}$ and its kinetic energy increases by $E_2$.

What is the ratio $\frac{E_2}{E_1}$?

A car travels at a constant speed of 25 m s$^{-1}$ up a slope. The wheels driven by the engine exert a forward force of 3000 N. There is a drag force due to air resistance and friction of 2100 N. The weight of the car has a component down the slope of 900 N.

What is the rate at which thermal energy is dissipated?

Which force-extension graph shows plastic deformation of a sample of material?

Four solid steel rods, each of length 2.0 m and cross-sectional area 250 mm^2, equally support an object weighing 10 kN. The weight of the object causes the rods to contract by 0.10 mm.

What is the Young modulus of steel?

High-frequency sound waves with frequency 2.0 MHz travel with a speed of 2.0 km s^{-1} through a liquid.

What is the shortest distance between a compression and a rarefaction (expansion) in the liquid?

A transverse progressive wave of wavelength \( \lambda \) is set up on a stretched string. The graph shows the variation of displacement \( y \) with distance \( x \) at a particular instant of time. The displacement where distance \( x = \frac{\lambda}{8} \) is \( y_1 \).

What are the next two values of \( x \) where the displacement \( y \) is again equal to \( y_1 \)? 

A man standing next to a stationary train hears sound of frequency 400 Hz emitted from the train's horn. The train then moves directly away from the man and sounds its horn when it has a speed of 50 m s\({^{-1}}\). The speed of sound is 340 m s\({^{-1}}\).

What is the difference in frequency of the sound heard by the man on the two occasions?

A stationary wave is formed on a stretched string. The diagram illustrates the string at an instant of time when the displacement of the string is at its maximum.

The frequency of the wave is 250 Hz. Point P on the string has a vertical displacement of -1.0 mm.

What will be the vertical displacement of the point P after a time of 5 ms?

Observable interference fringes are produced using light from a double slit. The intensity of the light emerging from each slit is initially the same.

The intensity of the light emerging from one of the slits is now reduced.

How does this affect the interference pattern?

Monochromatic light of wavelength 450 nm passes through two parallel slits 0.30 mm apart. Bright fringes are observed on a screen 2.0 m away.

How far apart are the bright fringes on the screen?

A microwave transmitter is placed at a fixed distance from a flat reflecting surface, as shown.

A microwave detector is moved steadily in a straight line from X to Y. A series of maxima and minima of intensity is obtained. The distance between adjacent maxima is 1.5 cm.

What is the frequency of the microwave radiation?

Two parallel circular metal plates X and Y, each of diameter 18 cm, have a separation of 9.0 cm. A potential difference of 9.0 V is applied between them.

Point P is 6.0 cm from the surface of plate X and 3.0 cm from the surface of plate Y.

What is the electric field strength at P? 

An oil drop has mass $m$ and charge $q$. The drop is held stationary in an electric field between two parallel horizontal plates, distance $d$ apart, as shown.

The potential difference between the plates is $V$ and the acceleration of free fall is $g$.

 
What is the charge-to-mass ratio $\frac{q}{m}$ of the oil drop? 

The diagram shows a junction in a circuit where three wires P, Q and R meet. The currents in P and Q are 1 A and 3 A respectively, in the directions shown.
[Diagram]
How much charge passes a given point in wire R in a time of 5 s?

A wire carries a current of 2.0 A for 1.0 hour.
How many electrons pass a point in the wire in this time?

The diagram shows an electric circuit in which the resistance of the external resistor is $2R$ and the internal resistance of the source is $R$.

What is the ratio $\frac{\text{power in internal resistance}}{\text{power in external resistor}}$?

The graph shows the variation with potential difference $V$ of the current $I$ in components X, Y and Z.
Which row correctly identifies the components?

Four statements about either potential difference or electromotive force are listed.
1. It involves changing electrical energy into other forms.
2. It involves changing other energy forms into electrical energy.
3. It is the energy per unit charge to move charge around a complete circuit.
4. It is the work done per unit charge by the charge moving from one point to another.
Which statements apply to potential difference and which apply to electromotive force?
[Table_1]

In the circuit shown, there is a current of 3.0 A in the 2.0 Ω resistor. What are the values of the current $I$ delivered by the power supply and the voltage $V$ across it?

In the circuit below, P is a potentiometer of total resistance 10 \( \Omega \) and Q is a fixed resistor of resistance 10 \( \Omega \). The battery has an e.m.f. of 4.0 V and negligible internal resistance. The voltmeter has a very high resistance.



The slider on the potentiometer is moved from X to Y and a graph of voltmeter reading \( V \) is plotted against slider position. Which graph is obtained?

The calcium nuclide $^{42}_{20} \text{Ca}$ is formed by $\beta^-$ decay.
What are the nucleon (mass) number and proton (atomic) number of the unstable nuclide that underwent $\beta^-$ decay to form the calcium nuclide?

Which diagram represents the structure of an antineutron?