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Sodium chloride is a liquid at 900°C.
How are the particles arranged and how do the particles move in sodium chloride at 900°C?
[Table_1]
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2.00 g of powdered calcium carbonate is added to 50.0 cm3 of hydrochloric acid.
Which apparatus is used to measure the calcium carbonate and the hydrochloric acid?
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Rock salt is a mixture of sand and sodium chloride.
Sodium chloride is soluble in water but not in hexane.
Sand is insoluble in both water and hexane.
What is required to separate the sand from the sodium chloride?
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The colours in four dyes are separated using chromatography. Which chromatogram shows an insoluble colour?
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Which statement about an atom of fluorine, $^{19}_{9}F$, is correct?
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Calcium reacts with chlorine to produce calcium chloride.
What happens when a calcium ion forms during this reaction?
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Which row describes the formation of single covalent bonds in methane?
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Diamond and graphite have giant covalent structures of carbon atoms. Which statement describes graphite?
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The compound magnesium nitrate has the formula Mg(NO$_3$)$_2$.
What is the relative formula mass of magnesium nitrate?
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Four substances are electrolysed using inert electrodes. Which row describes the electrode products? [Table_1]
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Dissolving ammonium chloride in water is an endothermic change.
Which row shows the energy change and temperature change of the mixture during the dissolving of ammonium chloride? [Table_1]
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Which process is a physical change?
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Hydrogen peroxide solution decomposes very slowly at room temperature to produce oxygen gas. This gas forms a rising foam when liquid detergent is added.
Five test-tubes are half filled with hydrogen peroxide solution. A drop of liquid detergent is added to each one.
Different metal oxides are added to four of the test-tubes and the height of the foam formed after 1 minute is measured. The results are shown.
[Table_1]
Which conclusion can be drawn from these results?
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When blue-green crystals of nickel(II) sulfate are heated, water is produced and a yellow solid remains. When water is added to the yellow solid, the blue-green colour returns.
Which process describes these changes?
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In a blast furnace, iron is extracted when iron(III) oxide reacts with carbon monoxide.
The equation is shown.
$\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3 + 3\text{CO} \rightarrow 2\text{Fe} + 3\text{CO}_2$
Which substance is oxidised and which is reduced?
[Table_1]
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Four different solutions are separately tested with blue litmus and with methyl orange. Each solution is known to be either acidic or alkaline. The results are shown.
[Table]
Which statement is correct?
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The positions of elements W, X, Y and Z in the Periodic Table are shown.
Which elements form basic oxides?
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How could crystals of a pure salt be prepared from dilute sulfuric acid?
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The results of two tests on a solution of compound Q are shown.
[Table_1]
What is Q?
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The properties of an element are shown.
[Table_1]
The table is:
| electrical conductivity | density | reaction with water |
|---|---|---|
| high | low | reacts violently with cold water |
Which element has these properties?
The image is the periodic table with options.
A, B, C, D
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Which statement about elements in Group I and Group VII of the Periodic Table is correct?
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Which row describes the properties of a transition element?
[Table: ]
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Which statement about elements in Group VIII of the Periodic Table is correct?
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The diagrams show the structure of two substances used to make electrical conductors.
Which statement correctly describes X and Y?
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The reactions of three metals, P, Q and R, are shown.
[Table_1]
What is the order of reactivity of the metals?
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Iron is extracted from its ore in a blast furnace.
Hematite, coke, limestone and hot air are added to the furnace.
Which explanation is not correct?
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Why is aluminium used to make containers for storing food?
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Water can be treated by filtration then chlorination.
Which uses do not need water of this quality?
1. water for cooling in industry
2. water for washing clothes
3. water for drinking
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Four sources of air pollution are listed:
1. burning fossil fuels containing sulfur
2. nitrogen reacting with oxygen in car engines
3. incomplete combustion of carbon fuels
4. adding lead compounds to petrol
Which sources produce acid rain?
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The diagram shows an experiment to investigate how paint affects the rusting of iron. What happens to the water level in tubes P and Q?
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A mixture of two substances, R and S, is heated. The damp red litmus paper turns blue.
What are R and S?
[Table_1]
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Which statement describes a disadvantage of sulfur dioxide?
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The diagram represents a lime kiln used to heat limestone to a very high temperature.
What leaves the kiln at X?
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A hydrocarbon W burns to form carbon dioxide and water.
W decolourises bromine water.
What is the name of W and what is its structure?
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Why is ethanol a member of the homologous series of alcohols but propane is not?
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Which statements about ethanol are correct?
1. It can be made by fermentation.
2. It is an unsaturated compound.
3. It burns in air and can be used as a fuel.
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Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?
1. Ethanoic acid contains the functional group –COOH.
2. Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates to produce hydrogen.
3. Ethanoic acid turns Universal Indicator paper blue.
4. Ethanoic acid has a pH lower than pH 7.
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Which naturally occurring polymers are found in foods?
1. complex carbohydrates
2. nylon
3. salts
4. proteins
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