No questions found
Hydrogen chloride gas $(M_r = 36.5)$ is released at P in the apparatus shown.
The Universal Indicator paper turns red after 38 s.
The experiment is repeated using sulfur dioxide $(M_r = 64)$.
What is the result for sulfur dioxide?
[Table_1]
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515
517
Which piece of apparatus is used to measure 24.8 cm$^3$ of gas produced during a reaction?
535
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555
Rf values are used to identify unknown substances using paper chromatography. Which statements about Rf values are correct?
1. Rf values are always less than 1.0.
2. Rf value = distance travelled by solvent ÷ distance travelled by unknown substance.
3. The higher the Rf value, the further the unknown substance travels.
4. Rf values are not affected by the solubility of the unknown substance.
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The structure of an atom is shown.
key
● = electron
n = neutron
p = proton
Which element is the atom an isotope of?
571
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597
Which row describes the formation of single covalent bonds in methane?
543
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589
Which statement describes the structure of an ionic compound?
565
500
598
When propane burns in air, carbon dioxide and water are formed. What is the chemical equation for this reaction?
514
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506
What is the concentration of a solution that contains 25.0 g NaOH in 500 cm$^3$ of water?
515
586
548
An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate was electrolysed using copper electrodes.
Which equation for the reaction at the anode is correct?
562
552
590
In the manufacture of aluminium by electrolysis, aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite.
Why is cryolite used?
553
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584
Which statement about a fuel cell in a car is correct?
544
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586
Methane burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
$$\text{CH}_4(g) + 2\text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$$
The bond energies are shown in the table.
[Table_1]
What is the energy change for this reaction?
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546
Which change in reaction conditions increases both the collision rate and the proportion of molecules with sufficient energy to react?
548
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516
When blue-green crystals of nickel(II) sulfate are heated, water is produced and a yellow solid remains. When water is added to the yellow solid, the blue-green colour returns. Which process describes these changes?
550
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581
A reaction between nitrogen and oxygen is shown. The forward reaction is endothermic.
$$\text{N}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NO}(g)$$
Which change increases the equilibrium yield of nitrogen monoxide, NO?
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Which changes represent reduction?
1. $Cl_2 + 2e^- \to 2Cl^-$
2. $Mn( ext{VII}) \to Mn( ext{II})$
3. sulfate(IV) \to sulfate(VI)
543
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Which statement about carbon monoxide and aluminium oxide is correct?
537
575
589
The positions of elements W, X, Y and Z in the Periodic Table are shown.
Which elements form basic oxides?
521
561
529
Solutions of acid R and acid S have the same concentration.
The same volume of each acid at the same temperature is reacted with the same mass of magnesium ribbon.
The volume of hydrogen produced is measured.
The results are shown.
Which statement about the reactions is correct?
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Part of the Periodic Table is shown.
Which row describes W, X, Y, and Z? [Table_1]
561
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528
Which statement about the properties of elements in Group I and in Group VII is correct?
515
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Gas G has 10 electrons. Gas H has eight more electrons than gas G. Both gases are monoatomic.
Which statement about G and H is correct?
536
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568
The diagrams show the structure of two substances used to make electrical conductors.
Which statement correctly describes X and Y?
540
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Magnesium nitrate, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate all decompose when heated. Which statement about these decomposition reactions is correct?
584
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Zinc is extracted from its ore, zinc blende, using two chemical reactions.
1. $2\text{ZnS} + 3\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{ZnO} + 2\text{SO}_2$
2. $2\text{ZnO} + \text{C} \rightarrow 2\text{Zn} + \text{CO}_2$
Which substance is reduced in reactions 1 and 2?
560
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Four metals, zinc, M, copper and magnesium, are reacted with aqueous solutions of their nitrates. The results are shown.
[Table_1]
What is the order of reactivity of these four metals starting with the most reactive?
590
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Aluminium is used to make containers for storing food. Which property makes it suitable for this use?
526
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Water can be treated by filtration then chlorination.
Which uses do not need water of this quality?
1. water for cooling in industry
2. water for washing clothes
3. water for drinking
565
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Catalytic converters in car exhausts change polluting gases into non-polluting gases.
Which statements about oxides of nitrogen and car engines are correct?
1. The nitrogen in oxides of nitrogen comes from compounds in petrol.
2. The oxygen in oxides of nitrogen comes from the air in the car engine.
3. Catalytic converters convert oxides of nitrogen into nitrogen and other gases.
541
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The diagram shows an experiment to investigate how paint affects the rusting of iron. What happens to the water level in tubes P and Q?
525
520
545
Which row about the carbon cycle is correct?
[Table_1]
504
545
584
Ammonia is manufactured in an exothermic reaction.
$\text{N}_2(g) + 3\text{H}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NH}_3(g)$
What is the effect of lowering the temperature on the rate of formation and equilibrium yield of ammonia?
541
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513
Which row shows the conditions used in the Contact process? [Table_1]
585
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556
The diagram represents a lime kiln used to heat limestone to a very high temperature. What leaves the kiln at X?
530
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514
Which statements about homologous series are correct?
1. All members have similar chemical properties.
2. All members have the same molecular mass.
3. Ethane and ethene are members of the same homologous series.
4. Ethane and propane are members of the same homologous series.
588
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553
Which type of reaction takes place when methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light?
530
513
551
Which statement about aqueous ethanoic acid is correct?
595
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501
The structure of ester W is shown.
Which row gives the names of ester W and the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which it is made?
[Table_1]
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A section of a polymer is shown.
How many different types of monomer units formed this section of polymer?
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