AS & A Level Chemistry - 9701 Paper 1 2017 Summer Zone 1

Which molecule contains six bonding electrons?

The mass spectrum of a sample of lithium shows that it contains two isotopes, $^6\text{Li}$ and $^7\text{Li}$.

The isotopic abundances are shown in the table.

[Table_1]

What is the relative atomic mass of this sample of lithium, given to three significant figures?

A sports medal has a total surface area of 150 cm$^2$. It was evenly coated with silver by electrolysis. Its mass increased by 0.216 g.
How many atoms of silver were deposited per cm$^2$ on the surface of the medal?

Which property of an atom does not affect its first ionisation energy?

Which molecule has the largest overall dipole?

The complete combustion of 2 moles of a straight chain alkane produces 400 dm^3 of carbon dioxide measured at 301 K and 1 \times 10^5 Pa. Carbon dioxide can be assumed to behave as an ideal gas under these conditions.

What is the formula of the straight chain alkane?

Which expression gives the standard enthalpy change of combustion of methane?

Solutions containing chlorate(I) ions are used as household bleaches and disinfectants. These solutions decompose on heating as shown.
$$3ClO^- \rightarrow ClO_3^- + 2Cl^-$$
Which oxidation state is shown by chlorine in each of these three ions?

When $K_2MnO_4$ is dissolved in water, the following reaction occurs:

$aMnO_4^{2-}(aq) + bH_2O(l) \rightarrow cMnO_4^{-}(aq) + dMnO_2(s) + eOH^{-}(aq)$

What are the values of $a$ and $c$ in the balanced chemical equation?

[Table_1]

Methanol can be produced from hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
$2H_2(g) + CO(g) \rightleftharpoons CH_3OH(g)$
What is the expression for $K_p$ for this reaction?

When 4 g of powdered calcium carbonate, $M_r = 100$, were added to 100 cm³ of 0.10 mol dm^-3 hydrochloric acid the volume of carbon dioxide produced was recorded.

[Table_1]

Which row gives the correct explanations about these results?

Why is the second ionisation energy of sodium larger than the second ionisation energy of magnesium?

Which graph correctly shows the relative melting points of the elements Mg, Al, Si and P plotted against their relative electronegativities?

An excess of MgO is shaken with water. The resulting mixture is filtered into test-tube X.
An excess of BaO is shaken with water. The resulting mixture is filtered into test-tube Y.
Which oxide reacts more readily with water and which filtrate has the \textbf{lower} pH?
[Table_1]

Samples of magnesium carbonate, $MgCO_3$, are placed in crucibles R and S. The sample in crucible R is heated until there is no further loss in mass, and then allowed to cool. The sample in crucible S is left unheated.
Dilute hydrochloric acid is then added to both crucibles.
On adding the dilute hydrochloric acid, which observations are correct?
[Table_1]

Which statement about nitrogen or its compounds is correct?

When concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with sodium iodide the products include sulfur, iodine, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide.
Which statement is correct?

A solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with 3 mol of chlorine under certain conditions. The reaction produces 5 mol of sodium chloride and 1 mol of X, the only other chlorine-containing product.
What is the formula of compound X?

Redox reactions are common in the chemistry of Group 17. Which statement is correct?

Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
Each of the following carbonyl compounds is reacted with NaBH$_4$. The product of each reaction is heated with Al$_2$O$_3$ at 600°C, generating one product or a mixture of isomers.
Which carbonyl compound will produce the most isomers?

The drug cortisone has the formula shown.
In addition to those chiral centres marked by an asterisk (*), how many other chiral centres are present in the cortisone molecule?

An alkene is reacted with acidified manganate(VII) ions, $\text{MnO}_4^-$. The desired organic product has a relative molecular mass greater than that of the alkene by 34. What conditions should be used?

The diagram shows a short length of an addition polymer chain.

The polymer has a relative molecular mass of approximately 10000.
Approximately how many monomer units are joined together in each polymer molecule?

Lactide is an intermediate in the manufacture of a synthetic fibre.
Which compound, on heating with an acid catalyst, can produce lactide?

Diols in which both hydroxy groups are bonded to the same carbon atom spontaneously eliminate a molecule of water to produce a carbonyl compound.

Which compound is hydrolysed to form a product that gives a positive reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine but not with Fehling's reagent?

X and Y are the reagents required to convert 1-bromopropane into butanoic acid.

What are the correct identities of X and Y?

Q is a compound with the molecular formula $C_4H_{10}O$. Q can be oxidised with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Q cannot be made by reducing a carboxylic acid with LiAlH_4.
What is the structure of Q?

A sample of 2.30 g of ethanol was mixed with an excess of aqueous acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The reaction mixture was then boiled under reflux for one hour. The required organic product was then collected by distillation. The yield of product was 60.0%.
Which mass of product was collected?

Which compound gives a positive test with alkaline aqueous iodine and does \text{not} show optical isomerism?

Citral is found in lemongrass oil. It can react to give compound W. The reaction sequence is: citral \(\xrightarrow{\text{an excess of } H_2/Ni}\) V \(\xrightarrow{\text{hot, concentrated acidified manganate(VII) under reflux}}\) W. What could compound W be?

For each of the questions in this section, one or more of the three numbered statements 1 to 3 may be correct.
Decide whether each of the statements is or is not correct (you may find it helpful to put a tick against the statements that you consider to be correct).
The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

A: 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B: 1 and 2 only are correct
C: 2 and 3 only are correct
D: 1 only is correct

No other combination of statements is used as a correct response.

Use of the Data Booklet may be appropriate for some questions.

Beams of charged particles are deflected by an electric field. In identical conditions the angle of deflection of a particle is proportional to its charge/mass ratio.
In an experiment, protons are deflected by an angle of +15°. In another experiment under identical conditions, particle Y is deflected by an angle of −5°.
What could be the composition of particle Y?

[Table_1]

Graphene, graphite and the fullerene $C_{60}$ are allotropes of carbon.
Which statements are correct for all three of these allotropes of carbon?
1. Delocalised electrons are present in the structure.
2. All bond angles are $120^\circ$.
3. It has a giant molecular crystalline lattice structure.

A reaction between carbon and oxygen is shown.
C(s) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \to CO(g)
How can the enthalpy change of this reaction be described correctly?

Which changes can be used to measure the rates of chemical reactions?
1. the decrease in concentration of a reactant per unit time
2. the rate of appearance of a product
3. the increase in total volume per unit time at constant pressure

Which statements describe a trend in Period 3 between every pair of adjacent elements from sodium to chlorine?
1. The atomic radius decreases.
2. The 1st ionisation energy decreases.
3. The melting point decreases.

X is either nitrogen or sulfur and forms pollutant oxide Y in a car engine.
Further oxidation of Y to Z occurs in the atmosphere. In this further oxidation, 1 mol of Y reacts
with 0.5 mol of gaseous oxygen molecules.
Which statements about X, Y and Z can be correct?
1. The oxidation number of X increases by two from Y to Z.
2. Y has an unpaired electron in its molecule.
3. Y is a polar molecule.

P and Q are a pair of cis-trans isomers.
What must be the same for P and Q?

The following statements are about the reaction of NaOH(aq) with the three chloroalkanes shown.
$$ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CHClCH}_3 \quad (\text{CH}_3)_2\text{CHCH}_2\text{Cl} \quad (\text{CH}_3)_3\text{CCl} $$
Which statements are correct?
1. $$(\text{CH}_3)_2\text{CHCH}_2\text{Cl}$$ reacts with NaOH(aq) by an $S_N2$ mechanism.
2. The tertiary chloroalkane reacts more quickly than the others because the carbon atom bonded to the $\text{Cl}$ atom is more positive in this molecule.
3. The $\text{Cl}$ atoms in the three chloroalkanes are attacked by $\text{OH}^-$.

For which reactions are the colour changes described correctly?
[Table_1]

Which statements about ethanol and ethanoic acid are correct?
1 Both react with a suitable reagent to form an ester.
2 Both react with sodium.
3 Both are soluble in water.