AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2017 Summer Zone 2

What is the approximate average speed of a winning female Olympic athlete running a 100 m race?

Two forces act on a circular disc as shown.

Which diagram shows the line of action of the resultant force?

What correctly expresses the volt in terms of SI base units?

The current in a block of semiconductor is 30.0 mA when there is a potential difference (p.d.) of 10.0 V across it. The dimensions of the block and the direction of the current in it are as shown. The electrical meters used are accurate to ± 0.1 mA and ± 0.1 V. The dimensions of the block are accurate to ± 0.2 mm. What is the resistivity of the semiconductor?

The diameter of a cylindrical metal rod is measured using a micrometer screw gauge.
The diagram below shows an enlargement of the scale on the micrometer screw gauge when taking the measurement.

What is the cross-sectional area of the rod?

A ball is set in motion at P on a frictionless surface. It moves up slope PQ, along the horizontal surface QR and finally descends slope RS.

Which graph could represent the variation with time $t$ of the ball’s speed $v$ as the ball moves from P to S? 

A rubber ball is dropped onto a table and bounces back up. The table exerts a force $F$ on the ball.

Which graph best shows the variation with time $t$ of the force $F$ for the short time that the ball is in contact with the table?

A golf ball of mass $m$ is dropped onto a hard surface from a height $h_1$ and rebounds to a height $h_2$. The momentum of the golf ball just as it reaches the surface is different from its momentum just as it leaves the surface. What is the total change in the momentum of the golf ball between these two instants? (Ignore air resistance.)

A book of weight $W$ is at rest on a table. A student attempts to state Newton's third law of motion by saying that 'action equals reaction'.

If the weight of the book is the 'action' force, what is the 'reaction' force? 

A metal cylinder is suspended vertically in equilibrium by a cord. The diagram shows the cylinder in four different positions P, Q, R and S.

Which statement explains the variation of the tension \( T \) in the cord? 

In a machine, many couples act on a rotating object as shown.

What is the resultant torque acting on the rotating object? 

A uniform beam is pivoted at P as shown. Weights of 10N and 20N are attached to its ends.

The length of the beam is marked at 0.1 m intervals. The weight of the beam is 100N.

At which point should a further weight of 20N be attached to achieve equilibrium?

What are the SI base units of the quantity \( \frac{\text{pressure}}{\text{density}} \)?

Which quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision? 

A cyclist is travelling at a constant speed up a hill. The frictional force resisting the cyclist’s motion is 8.0 N.

The cyclist uses 450 J of energy to travel a distance of 20 m.

What is the increase in the gravitational potential energy of the cyclist?

A stone of mass $m$ falls from rest at the top of a cliff of height $h$ into the sea below. Just before hitting the sea the stone has speed $v$.

What is the average force of air resistance acting on the stone during its fall?

A railway engine accelerates a train of total mass 1200 tonnes (1 tonne = 1000 kg) from rest to a speed of 75 m s⁻¹.

How much useful work must be done on the train to reach this speed?

What is a correct derivation of the equation relating power, force and velocity?

A cable on a suspension bridge supports a weight of $19.3 \times 10^5$ N. This weight causes the cable to stretch by 47 mm.

A lorry crossing the bridge then increases the force on the cable to $23.3 \times 10^5$ N. The force-extension graph for the cable is shown.

What is the increase in strain energy in the cable when the lorry is crossing the bridge? 

What are the units of stress, strain and the Young modulus? 

A rubber band is stretched and then relaxed to its original length. The diagram shows the force-extension graph for this process.

As the force is increased, the curve follows the path OPQ to extension e. As the force is reduced, the curve follows the path QRO to return to zero extension.

The area labelled X is between the curves OPQ and QRO. The area labelled Y is bounded by the curve QRO and the horizontal axis.

Which statement about the process is correct? 

The period of an electromagnetic wave is 1.0 ns. What are the frequency and wavelength of the wave? 

Which statement about progressive longitudinal waves is not correct?

A bicycle gear wheel is a disc with 50 'teeth' equally spaced around its edge, as shown. The gear wheel is rotated 10 times each second. A springy strip of metal is vibrated by the rotating 'teeth'. The metal strip produces a sound of frequency that is equal to the frequency of vibration of the strip.

The speed of sound in air is 330 m s^-1.

What is the wavelength of the emitted sound?

An ambulance travels along a straight road at a speed of 30.0 m s^-1. Its siren emits sound of frequency 2000 Hz. The speed of sound in the air is 340 m s^-1. The ambulance passes a man standing at the side of the road.

What is the frequency of the sound heard by the man as the ambulance moves towards him and as the ambulance moves away from him?

Three different electromagnetic waves P, Q and R have the frequencies shown.

Which row identifies P, Q and R?

Which row describes the oscillations of two moving particles in a stationary wave that are separated by a distance of half a wavelength?

A parallel beam of red light of wavelength 700 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating that has 400 lines per millimetre.

What is the total number of intensity maxima from the grating?

Two wave sources are oscillating in phase. Each source produces a wave of wavelength $\lambda$. The two waves from the sources meet at point X with a phase difference of $90^\circ$.

What is a possible difference in the distances from the two wave sources to point X?

Which diagram best illustrates the electric field around a positive point charge? 

The path of an electron with initial speed $v$ in the uniform electric field between two parallel plates is shown. The vertical deflection $x$ is measured at the right-hand edge of the plates. The distance between the plates is halved.

The potential difference between the plates remains the same.

What will be the new deflection of the electron with the same initial speed $v$? 

The current in a circuit component is 2.00 μA.
How many electrons pass through the component each second?

The filament of a 240V, 100W electric lamp heats up from room temperature to its operating temperature. As it heats up, its resistance increases by a factor of 16.
What is the resistance of the filament at room temperature?

Two wires have the same length and the same resistance. Wire X is made of a metal of resistivity $1.7 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega \text{ m}$ and wire Y is made of a metal of resistivity $5.6 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega \text{ m}$.
The diameter of wire X is 0.315 mm.
What is the diameter of wire Y?

A cell has a constant electromotive force.
A variable resistor is connected between the terminals of the cell.
The resistance of the variable resistor is decreased.
Which statement about the change of the cell’s terminal potential difference (p.d.) is correct?

Four resistors are connected in a square as shown.
The resistance may be measured between any two junctions. Between which two junctions is the measured resistance greatest?

A circuit is set up as shown. The variable resistor is adjusted so that the ammeter reading decreases. How do the readings of the voltmeters change?

In a television programme to illustrate scientific models, a presenter fires a gun many times at a bale of hay. Two small cannon balls are embedded within the hay some distance apart from each other.
The hay bale measures approximately 2 m \times 2 m \times 2 m and the cannon balls are made of iron, approximately spherical, and about 5 cm in diameter.
What might the presenter be illustrating?

A certain nuclide, uranium-235, has nucleon number 235, proton number 92 and neutron number 143. Data on four other nuclides are given below.
Which nuclide is an isotope of uranium-235?

[Table_1]

During $\beta^-$ decay, which change takes place to the quark composition of the nucleus that emits the $\beta^-$ particle, and which other particle is emitted? [Table_1]