AS & A Level Chemistry - 9701 Paper 1 2022 Summer Zone 1

Which atom has its outermost electron in an orbital of the shape shown, with principal quantum number 3?

Which atom has the same number of electrons as the hydroxide ion, OH⁻?

In separate experiments, 5.0 g samples of each of four s-block metals are added to an excess of water. The gas evolved is collected and its volume measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure for each sample.
Which metal produces the largest volume of gas?

A student reacts 1 mol of copper with concentrated nitric acid to produce 1 mol of copper(II) nitrate, 2 mol of water and substance X. No other product is formed. Substance X does not contain copper or hydrogen. What could be substance X?

In which structure are three atoms bonded together in a straight line?

Which statement about aluminium chloride is correct?

'Black powder' is a mixture of potassium nitrate, carbon and sulfur. The mixture reacts as shown.

$4\text{KNO}_{3(s)} + 7\text{C}_{(s)} + \text{S}_{(s)} \rightarrow 3\text{CO}_{2(g)} + 3\text{CO}_{(g)} + 2\text{N}_{2(g)} + \text{K}_2\text{S}_{(s)} + \text{K}_2\text{CO}_{3(s)}$

A sealed tube containing black powder has a volume of 10.0 cm³. When all of the black powder reacts, the reaction causes a pressure of $2 \times 10^6 \text{Pa}$ and a temperature of 2500 K.

The volume of the $\text{K}_2\text{CO}_3$ and $\text{K}_2\text{S}$ produced can be ignored.

How many moles of $\text{KNO}_3$ are contained in the sealed tube?

For which pair is the boiling point of the first compound higher than the boiling point of the second compound?

The equation for an enthalpy change is shown. The enthalpy change is Q.
$$2C(s) + 3H_2(g) + 3.5O_2(g) \rightarrow 2CO_2(g) + 3H_2O(l)$$
What is the correct expression to calculate Q?

A reaction pathway diagram for the reaction of aqueous sodium hydroxide and dilute sulfuric acid is shown.

What is the value of the enthalpy change of neutralisation, $\Delta H_{neut}$?

A student reacts 4 mol of ammonia with oxygen to produce an oxide of nitrogen and water only. Each nitrogen atom increases its oxidation state by 5 in the reaction.
How many moles of oxygen gas react with 4 mol of ammonia in this reaction?

In the treatment of domestic water supplies, chlorine is added to water to kill bacteria. Some $\text{ClO}^-$ ions are formed.
What is the change in oxidation number of chlorine when forming the $\text{ClO}^-$ ion from aqueous chlorine?

Ethanoic acid is mixed with ethanol.
The ethanol is contaminated with a small amount of methanol.
The following equilibria are established.

$$\text{CH}_3\text{CO}_2\text{H(l)} + \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH(l)} \rightleftharpoons \text{CH}_3\text{CO}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3\text{(l)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad K_c = K_1$$
$$\text{CH}_3\text{CO}_2\text{H(l)} + \text{CH}_3\text{OH(l)} \rightleftharpoons \text{CH}_3\text{CO}_2\text{CH}_3\text{(l)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad K_c = K_2$$

Which statement about the equilibrium mixture is correct?

SO$_3$ is manufactured from SO$_2$ and O$_2$ in the Contact process. The reaction is exothermic. Which row shows the effect on the equilibrium yield obtained in the Contact process of increasing the temperature and of adding a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst? [Table_1]

The Boltzmann distribution for a gas at a constant temperature of 50°C is shown.
If the temperature of the gas is reduced by 10°C, the graph changes shape.
What happens to the values of $n$ for the molecular energies X, Y and Z?

A 3.0 g sample of Na$_2$CO$_3$ powder is stirred into 50 cm$^3$ of 1.0 mol dm$^{-3}$ HCl. The volume of CO$_2$ produced is 600 cm$^3$.

Na$_2$CO$_3$(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + CO$_2$(g) + H$_2$O(l)

[M$_r$: Na$_2$CO$_3$, 106.0]

Which volume of CO$_2$ is produced if 1.0 g of Na$_2$CO$_3$ powder is stirred into 50 cm$^3$ of 1.0 mol dm$^{-3}$ HCl under the same conditions?

Solid sodium iodide reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to form more than one product that contains sulfur. What is the lowest oxidation number of sulfur in these products?

Which statement for the element in Period 3 and Group 13 of the Periodic Table is correct?

A student reacts 0.100 mol of each of sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus atoms separately with an excess of oxygen.
Which rows are correct?
[Table_1: oxide and mass of oxide formed/g]

A mixture contains magnesium carbonate and barium carbonate only. A sample of the mixture is dissolved in nitric acid to produce a solution.
How could this solution be processed into a magnesium compound and a separate barium compound?

A sample of magnesium nitrate is heated in the apparatus shown.

The pH of the solution in the trough is measured.
The gas collected is tested with a glowing splint.
What are the results?
[Table_1]

The results of tests performed on a white crystalline solid, X, are given in the table.

[Table_1]

What is the identity of X?

Silicon is heated in an excess of chlorine, producing compound J.
An excess of water is added to the sample of J produced.
Which row is correct?
[Table_1]

In a catalytic converter, 5.6 g of carbon monoxide react with an excess of nitrogen monoxide. What is produced in this reaction?

Which reaction mixture produces an acidic gas?

Ethanol can be used to make propanenitrile in two steps.
$$\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{X}} \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{Br} \xrightarrow{\text{Y}} \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CN}$$
What types of reaction are X and Y?
[Table_1]

Which compound will react with $\text{LiAlH}_4$ to form two optical isomers?

How many esters have the molecular formula $C_4H_8O_2$?

Carbon monoxide, CO, nitrogen dioxide, NO\(_2\), and sulfur dioxide, SO\(_2\), are all atmospheric pollutants.
Which reaction occurs in the atmosphere?

Oct-1-ene, CH₃(CH₂)₅CH=CH₂, can be thermally cracked.
Which of the compounds W, X, Y and Z can be obtained by thermally cracking oct-1-ene?

W       X       Y       Z
CH₂=CH₂       CH₃CH=CH₂       CH₃CH₂CH₃     CH₂=CHCH=CH₂

Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be taken into account when answering this question.
How many isomeric alkenes with formula $\text{C}_5\text{H}_{10}$ are present in the mixture produced when 1,4-dibromopentane is reacted with NaOH in ethanol?

The presence of a halogen in an organic compound may be detected by warming the organic compound with aqueous silver nitrate.
Which compound would be the quickest to produce a precipitate?

17.6 g of pentan-1-ol is completely combusted.
Which volume of gaseous products is formed when measured at stp?

Crotyl alcohol, CH$_3$CH=CHCH$_2$OH, is a colourless liquid which is used as a solvent.
Crotyl alcohol will react separately with Br$_2$, K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ / H$^+$, conc. KMnO$_4$ / H$^+$ and PCl$_5$ under suitable conditions.
Which row is correct?

The skeletal formulae of two organic compounds are shown.

Which reagents can be used to distinguish these two compounds?
1 alkaline $I_2(aq)$
2 acidified $K_2Cr_2O_7$
3 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH reagent)

A carbonyl compound, X, reacts with HCN in the presence of NaCN to make a compound with $M_r$ 85. Compound X does not react with Fehling's reagent. What is compound X?

Which compound produces butan-2-ol and ethanoic acid on hydrolysis?

Two 1g samples of Y are reacted separately and completely with sodium and with sodium carbonate. The volumes of the gases produced are collected and measured.

[Table_1]

What could Y be?

The diagram shows a section of an addition polymer formed from two different monomers.

One of the monomers is propene.
What is the other monomer?

A scientist chooses either infrared spectroscopy or mass spectrometry to find a particular piece of information. In which row has the best choice been made? [Table_1]