AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2022 Summer Zone 1

Which term represents a physical quantity?

Which two units are identical when expressed in terms of SI base units?

A value for the acceleration of free fall on Earth is given as $(10 \pm 2) \text{ m s}^{-2}$.
Which statement is correct?

Two cables are attached to a bracket and exert forces as shown.

What are the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant of the two forces?

The curved line PQR is the velocity–time graph for a car starting from rest.

What is the average acceleration of the car over the first 5 s?

A ball is thrown horizontally with a speed of 10.0 \text{ ms}^{-1} above horizontal ground. The ball hits the ground after a time of 3.0 s.

Air resistance is negligible.

What is the speed of the ball just before it hits the ground?

An object is moving along the ground in a straight line at a constant speed. Which statement about the resultant force acting on the object is correct?

Water flows out of a pipe and hits a wall.

When the jet of water hits the wall, it has horizontal velocity $v$ and cross-sectional area $A$.

The density of the water is $\rho$. The water does not rebound from the wall.

What is the force exerted on the wall by the water? 

A projectile is launched at an angle above horizontal ground and travels through the air.

The projectile reaches its maximum height at position X. Assume that no upthrust acts on the projectile.

Which diagram shows the directions of the force or forces acting on the projectile at position X? 

What is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?

A horizontal wooden plank is pivoted at one end, as shown.

The plank has a mass of 100 kg and a length of 10 m. The centre of gravity of the plank is a distance of 4 m from the pivot.

What is the moment of the weight of the plank about the pivot? 

When must an object be in equilibrium?

A uniform diving board is held by two fixed rods at points P and Q. A person stands at end R of the diving board, as shown.

The forces exerted by the rods on the board are vertical. The board remains in equilibrium as the person slowly moves towards point Q from end R.

Which row describes the changes to the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the rods on the board? 

A solid block has sides of length $L$, $2L$ and $4L$. The block is submerged in water of uniform density so that the faces with the largest area are horizontal, as shown.

The upthrust acting on the block is $U$.

The block is now rotated to a new position so that the faces with the smallest area are horizontal. The block remains fully submerged in the water.

What is the upthrust acting on the block in its new position? 

In a large container in an oil refinery, three oils of different densities are mixed. No chemical activity occurs.

The mixture consists of:

• 1200 kg of oil of density 1100 kg m^-3
• 1500 kg of oil of density 860 kg m^-3
• 4000 kg of oil of density 910 kg m^-3.

What is the density of the mixture?

A box slides down a rough ramp.

The change in the gravitational potential energy of the box is 16 J as it moves between positions X and Y. The box has 24 J of kinetic energy at X and 35 J of kinetic energy at Y.

How much work is done against the frictional force? 

The total energy supplied to an electric motor is $E$. Energy $Q$ is wasted and the remaining energy does useful work.

What is the efficiency of the motor?

Objects with different masses are placed on the horizontal surface of a table. The objects are then raised to different heights above the table. The gain in gravitational potential energy of each object is the same.

Which graph best shows the variation of the height $h$ of the objects above the table with their mass $m$?

Two wires, P and Q, are made from the same metal and hang vertically from a steel girder.

Wire Q has half the length and twice the diameter of wire P.

Identical masses are attached to the bottom of each wire. Both wires obey Hooke's law as they are stretched by the weight of the masses.

What is the ratio $\frac{\text{extension of wire P}}{\text{extension of wire Q}}  ?  $  

Which statement about elastic and plastic deformation must be correct?

The graph shows the variation with time of the displacement of a particle as a progressive wave passes.

What are the frequency and the amplitude of the wave?

The graph shows the variation of the displacement of an air particle with time as a sound wave passes through air.

The intensity of the sound is halved while the frequency remains constant.

The four graphs below are drawn to the same scale as the graph above.

Which graph shows the displacement of the air particle? 

Which statement is correct?

A car is travelling at a constant velocity directly towards a man standing in the middle of the road.

The driver sounds the car’s horn as a warning. The horn emits a sound wave of constant frequency.

The frequency of the sound heard by the man is different from the frequency of the sound emitted by the horn.

Which statement is correct?

Which statement about electromagnetic waves is correct?

A stationary wave is set up on a string that is stretched between two fixed points that are 48 cm apart. At one instant, the appearance of the string is as shown.

What is the wavelength of the stationary wave?

A pipe, closed at one end, has a loudspeaker at the open end. For some frequencies of sound from the loudspeaker, a stationary sound wave is formed in the air within the pipe with an antinode at the open end of the pipe.

The length of the pipe is 0.85 m.

The speed of sound in air is $340  m s^{-1}$.

Which frequency of sound from the loudspeaker would not produce a stationary wave?

Water waves of wavelength $\lambda$ are incident normally on an obstacle with a narrow gap. The width of the gap is equal to $\lambda$. The waves from the gap emerge over an angle $\theta$, as shown.

The gap is slowly widened.

Which changes, if any, occur to $\theta$ and to the wavelength of the emerging waves?

Light of a single frequency passes through two narrow slits and produces an interference pattern on a screen some distance away. The interference fringes are very close together.

Which change would increase the distance between the fringes?

Light of wavelength $5.4 \times 10^{-7}\, m$ is incident normally on a diffraction grating. The separation between adjacent lines in the grating is $2.0 \times 10^{-6}\, m$. The light that emerges from the grating falls on a semicircular screen, as shown in the view from above.

The grating is at the centre of the semicircle, and the lines of the grating are vertical. How many bright dots are formed on the screen?

A straight copper wire of diameter $0.42 \times 10^{-3}$ m has a number density of free electrons of $8.5 \times 10^{28}$ m$^{-3}$. In a given time interval, a charge of 0.15 C moves through the wire.
What is the average displacement of the free electrons along the wire in this time interval?

What is the definition of the potential difference (p.d.) across a component?

The graph shows the $I-V$ characteristic for a semiconductor diode.

Which statement can be deduced from the graph?

A wire has a resistance of 30Ω. A second wire is made from the same material, has the same mass and is three times as long as the first wire.
What is the resistance of the second wire?

A cell has internal resistance $r$ and electromotive force (e.m.f.) $E$. The cell is connected in series with an ammeter and a variable resistor of resistance $R$.

When $R$ is $10\,\Omega$ the ammeter reads $0.3\,A$.
When $R$ is $5\,\Omega$ the ammeter reads $0.4\,A$.
What is the value of $E$?

The sum of the currents entering a junction in an electrical circuit is always equal to the sum of the currents leaving the junction.
Why is this?

In the circuits shown, the temperature remains constant. In which circuit does the potential difference (p.d.) V increase with increasing light intensity?

Carbon-14 decays into nitrogen-14 by emitting a $\beta^-$ particle.
Which statement explains why the $\beta^-$ particles are emitted with a range of different kinetic energies?

A nucleus of a radioactive element emits an $\alpha$-particle, then a $\beta^-$ particle and then another $\beta^-$ particle.
Which statement describes the final element that is produced?

How many hadrons, baryons and mesons are there in a nucleus of $^9_4\text{Be}$?
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