AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2023 Summer Zone 1

Which unit is not an SI base unit?

What is the best estimate of the number of atoms in a piece of metal of volume 50 cm$^3$?

A copper pipe has a true diameter of 42.03 mm.
A builder measures the diameter of the pipe five times using digital calipers. The measurements are shown.
[Table_1]
What describes the builder’s measurements?

Two forces, each of 10 N, act at a point P, as shown. The angle between the directions of the forces is 120°. What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

One object moves directly from P to R.

In a shorter time, a second object moves from P to Q to R.

Which statement about the two objects is correct for the journey from P to R?

A ball is kicked so that it has an initial velocity of 12 m s⁻¹ at an angle of 50° to horizontal ground.

Assume that air resistance is negligible.

What is the maximum height above the ground that is reached by the ball? 

A camera drone of mass 1.20 kg hovers at a fixed point above the ground. The drone has four propellers.

In a time of 1.00 s, each propeller pushes a mass of 0.400 kg of air vertically downwards.

Assume that the air above the propellers is stationary.

What is the speed of the air leaving each propeller?

A box rests on the Earth, as shown.

Newton’s third law describes how forces of the same type act in pairs. One of the forces of a pair is the weight $W$ of the box.

Which arrow represents the other force of this pair?

A small ball is held at the surface of liquid oil in a container. The ball is released from rest and falls through the oil. The ball has velocity $v$. A viscous (drag) force $F$ acts on the ball.

Which graph could show the variation with $v$ of $F$?

An object of mass $m$, moving at speed $u$ along a frictionless horizontal surface, collides head-on with a stationary object of mass $4m$.

After the collision, the object of mass $m$ rebounds along its initial path with $\frac{1}{4}$ of its kinetic energy before the collision.

What is the speed of the object of mass $4m$ after the collision? 

The driver of a car applies two parallel forces to a steering wheel, as shown.

Each force has a magnitude of 15 N and acts in the direction shown. The steering wheel has a diameter of 0.40 m.

What is the torque exerted on the steering wheel? 

A farmer is trying to lift the corner of a large water tank. She uses a metal rod as a lever.

The vertical force from the farmer is constant and is always applied to the end of the rod.

Which change must increase the upward force on the water tank?

The diagram shows a ball of weight $W$ hanging in equilibrium from a string.

The string is at an angle \(\theta\) to the vertical. The tension in the string is $T$. The ball is held away from the wall by a horizontal force $P$ from a metal rod.

Which relationship between the magnitudes of $T$, $P$ and $W$ is correct?

Which expression for pressure is correct?

A ball has a mass of 0.50 kg and a volume of $1.3 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^{3}$. The ball is floating in equilibrium on still water. The two forces that act on the ball are its weight and the upthrust due to the water.

The density of the water is $1.0 \times 10^{3} \text{ kg m}^{-3}$.

What is the percentage of the volume of the ball above the surface of the water?

A man sits on a buggy that is pulled along by a wire attached to a kite. The wire is at an angle of 40° to the horizontal and has a constant tension of 200 N. The man and buggy travel a distance of 20 m along a straight horizontal path. The wire and the path of the buggy are in the same vertical plane.

What is the work done by the tension force on the man and buggy? 

A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the surface of the Earth. Which statement describes the energy of the ball as it rises through the air?

A lamp is suspended in equilibrium from a fixed support by three long identical wires.

The weight of the lamp causes each wire to have an extension of 0.40 cm. The height $h$ of the lamp above the floor is measured.

The middle wire suddenly breaks and the lamp falls a small distance as the extensions of the remaining two wires increase. The wires obey Hooke's law.

When the lamp is in equilibrium, the height $h$ of the lamp above the floor is measured again.

What is the difference between the two values of $h$? 

The force–extension graph for a spring is shown.

What represents the work done to extend the spring? 

In an experiment, a student uses a microphone and a cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO) to analyse a sound wave. The diagram shows the trace on the screen of the CRO.

The student is expecting a sinusoidal waveform to be shown on the screen.

Which changes should the student make to the time-base and the y-gain of the CRO so that the screen shows a continuous trace for one complete cycle of the waveform?

The graph shows the variation with time of the displacement of a particle in a progressive wave.

Two measurements, x and y, are labelled on the graph.

What do x and y represent?

A car travels at a constant speed along a straight line PQ.

A loudspeaker attached to the car emits sound of constant frequency $f$. A stationary observer is at point O.

What does the observer hear as the car moves from P towards Q?

Some sources of electromagnetic waves in free space are listed.

1. a radio wave transmitter
2. a source of X-rays
3. a 30 mm wavelength radar transmitter
4. a light-emitting diode that emits red light

Which list gives the sources in order of increasing wavelength, from left to right, of the waves emitted by the sources?

A vertically polarised beam of light is incident normally on a polarising filter. The transmission axis of the filter is at an angle of $40^\circ$ to the horizontal.

What is the ratio

$$\frac{\text{amplitude of transmitted beam}}{\text{amplitude of incident beam}}   ?$$ 

Two progressive waves meet at a point.

Which condition must be met for superposition of the waves to occur?

A string is stretched between a vibration generator and a fixed point. When the vibration generator is vibrating at a frequency $f$, a stationary wave with five nodes is created on the stretched string, as shown. There is a node at the end of the string that is attached to the vibration generator.

The frequency of vibration of the vibration generator is slowly increased.

What is the next frequency that produces a stationary wave on the string?

A ripple tank and a barrier with a single gap are used to demonstrate the diffraction of surface ripples on water. Initially, the wavelength of the ripples is five times smaller than the gap in the barrier.

Which change increases the amount of diffraction observed?

A laser produces a beam of light of wavelength 650 nm. The beam is incident normally on two slits that are a distance of 0.12 mm apart.

A screen is placed parallel to the slits. The bright interference fringes on the screen have a separation of 7.5 cm.

What is the distance between the screen and the two slits?

A beam of light from a laser is incident normally on a diffraction grating.

The diagram shows only the second-order maxima that are produced.

The grating has a line spacing of $1.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}$. The angle between the two second-order maxima is $110^\circ$.

What is the wavelength of the light?

The electric current in a metal wire is 4.0 mA.
How many electrons pass a fixed point in the wire in a time of 10 hours?

What is the definition of the potential difference across an electrical component?

Which graph shows the $I-V$ characteristic of a filament lamp?

A metal wire has a length of 2.50 m and a cross-sectional area of $4.50 \times 10^{-6}$ m². The resistivity of the metal is $3.50 \times 10^{-7}\,\Omega \text{m}$.
The wire is stretched so that its length increases to 2.65 m. The wire remains cylindrical and the volume of the wire remains constant.
What is the change in the resistance of the wire?

Which circuit symbol represents a microphone?

A battery with internal resistance is connected to a fixed resistor, an ammeter and a voltmeter, as shown.



The battery is replaced by a different battery that has the same electromotive force (e.m.f.) but a greater internal resistance.

What happens to the readings on the ammeter and voltmeter?

Four potential divider circuits each consist of a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 9 V and negligible internal resistance connected to a combination of resistors. Each of the resistors in the circuits has a resistance of X or 2X.
Which circuit has the largest output voltage V?

A voltmeter is connected into a circuit with the polarity shown. The sliding contact is moved to end P of the potentiometer and then to end Q. What are the two readings of the voltmeter? [Table_1]

A proton has mass $m_p$ and charge $+e$.
What are the mass and charge of an antiproton?
[Table_1]

A uranium nucleus has 92 protons and 143 neutrons.
The nucleus emits a total of 3 \( \alpha \)-particles and 4 \( \beta^- \) particles to form nucleus X.
How can nucleus X be represented?

Which statement about a proton is correct?