No questions found
(a) Assemble the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1.1.
The angle $\theta$ should be approximately $150^\circ$. String AB should be parallel to the bench, and the bottom of mass M should be approximately 10 cm above the bench.
[Image_1: Diagram of apparatus setup]
(b) (i) Measure and record the angle $\theta$ between the string attached to mass M and the string attached to the spring, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
$\theta = \text{.......................................................}^\circ$ [1]
(ii) Measure and record the length $L$ of the coiled part of the spring, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
$L = \text{...........................................................}$ [1]
(c) (i) Change the distance between the stands.
Adjust the height of A until string AB is parallel to the bench. If the apparatus is unstable, you may need to use the G-clamp to secure one of the stands to the bench.
(ii) Measure and record $\theta$ and $L$.
$\theta = \text{.......................................................}^\circ$
$L = \text{...........................................................}$
(d) Repeat (c) until you have six sets of values of $\theta$ and $L$. Include your values from (b) and (c).
Also include values of $\frac{1}{\sin (\theta - 90^\circ)}$ in your table.
[10]
(e) (i) Plot a graph of $\frac{1}{\sin (\theta - 90^\circ)}$ on the y-axis against $L$ on the x-axis.
[3]
(ii) Draw the straight line of best fit.
[1]
(iii) Determine the gradient and y-intercept of this line.
gradient = ..................................................
y-intercept = ...............................................
[2]
(f) The quantities $\theta$ and $L$ are related by the equation
$$\frac{1}{\sin (\theta - 90^\circ)} = a L + b$$
where $a$ and $b$ are constants.
Using your answers in (e)(iii), determine the values of $a$ and $b$. Give appropriate units.
$a = \text{..........................................................}$
$b = \text{..........................................................}$
[2]
559
508
537
(a) You are provided with two cylindrical components.
(i) Measure and record the diameter $d$ and the length $l$ of the larger cylindrical component, as shown in Fig. 2.1.
$d$ = .......................................................
$l$ = .......................................................
[2]
(ii) Calculate the volume $V$ of the component using $V = \frac{\pi d^2 l}{4}$.
$V$ = .......................................................
[1]
(b) Justify the number of significant figures you have given for your value of $V$.
..............................................................................
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[1]
(c) (i) Assemble the circuit shown in Fig. 2.2, using the larger cylindrical component. Ensure that the positive terminals are all connected as shown.
Switch on the power supply.
(ii) Close switch $S$ and watch the LED light up. Open switch $S$ and watch the LED gradually go out.
(iii) Take measurements to find the time $t$ between opening the switch $S$ and the LED going out.
$t$ = .................................................
[2]
(d) Estimate the percentage uncertainty in your value of $t$.
percentage uncertainty = ..................................
[1]
(e) Using the smaller cylindrical component, repeat (a) and (c).
$d$ = .............................................................
$l$ = .............................................................
$V$ = ............................................................
$t$ = .............................................................
[3]
(f) It is suggested that the relationship between $t$ and $V$ is $t = kV$ where $k$ is a constant.
(i) Using your data, calculate two values of $k$.
first value of $k$ = ............................................
second value of $k$ = .........................................
[1]
(ii) Explain whether your results in (f)(i) support the suggested relationship.
..........................................................................................
..........................................................................................
..........................................................................................
[1]
(g) (i) Describe four sources of uncertainty or limitations of the procedure for this experiment.
1. ................................................................................................
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2. ................................................................................................
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3. ................................................................................................
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4. ................................................................................................
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[4]
(ii) Describe four improvements that could be made to this experiment. You may suggest the use of other apparatus or different procedures.
1. ................................................................................................
........................................................................................................
2. ................................................................................................
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3. ................................................................................................
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4. ................................................................................................
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[4]
520
560
515
