AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2013 Summer Zone 1

Which pair of quantities contains one vector and one scalar quantity?

One property Q of a material is used to describe the behaviour of sound waves in the material. Q is defined as the pressure P of the sound wave divided by the speed v of the wave and the surface area A of the material through which the wave travels:
$$Q = \frac{P}{vA}.$$
What are the SI base units of Q?

A cannon fires a cannonball with an initial speed $v$ at an angle $\alpha$ to the horizontal.

Which equation is correct for the maximum height $H$ reached?

A wave has a frequency of 5 GHz. What is the period of the wave?

In an experiment to determine the acceleration of free fall $g$, the period of oscillation $T$ and length $l$ of a simple pendulum were measured. The uncertainty in the measurement of $l$ is estimated to be 4%, and the uncertainty in the measurement of $T$ is estimated to be 1%.

The value of $g$ is determined using the formula $$g = \frac{4 \pi^2 l}{T^2}.$$

What is the uncertainty in the calculated value for $g$?

The Y-input terminals of a cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) are connected to a supply of amplitude 5.0 V and frequency 50 Hz. The time-base is set at 10 ms per division and the Y-gain at 5.0 V per division.

Which trace is obtained?

A body is released from rest and falls vertically in air of constant density.

Which statement about the motion of the falling body is correct?

A goods train passes through a station at a steady speed of 10 m s$^{-1}$. An express train is at rest at the station. The express train leaves the station with a uniform acceleration of 0.5 m s$^{-2}$ just as the goods train goes past. Both trains move in the same direction on straight, parallel tracks.

How much time passes before the express train overtakes the goods train?

A car is stationary at traffic lights. When the traffic lights go green, the driver presses down sharply on the accelerator. The resultant horizontal force acting on the car varies with time as shown.

Which graph shows the variation with time of the speed of the car? 

Which of the following is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?

A 2.0 kg mass travelling at 3.0 m s^-1 on a frictionless surface collides head-on with a stationary 1.0 kg mass. The masses stick together on impact. 

How much kinetic energy is lost on impact?

A car of mass 750 kg has a horizontal driving force of 2.0 kN acting on it. It has a forward horizontal acceleration of 2.0 m/s².

What is the resistive force acting horizontally? 

A small water droplet of mass 3.0 ,$ \mu\text{g}$ carries a charge of $ -6.0 \times 10^{-11}$ \, $\text{C}$. The droplet is situated in the Earth’s gravitational field between two horizontal metal plates. The potential of the upper plate is +500 \, $\text{V}$ and the potential of the lower plate is$ -500 \, \text{V}$.

What is the motion of the droplet? 

A horizontal bar is supported on a pivot at its centre of gravity. A fixed load is attached to one end of the bar. To keep the bar in equilibrium, a force $F$ is applied at a distance $x$ from the pivot.

How does $F$ vary with $x$? 

The diagram represents a sphere under water. P, Q, R and S are forces acting on the sphere, due to the pressure of the water.

Each force acts perpendicularly to the sphere’s surface. P and R act in opposite directions vertically. Q and S act in opposite directions horizontally. Which information about the magnitudes of the forces is correct? 

A hinged trapdoor is held closed in the horizontal position by a cable. Three forces act on the trapdoor: the weight $W$ of the door, the tension $T$ in the cable and the force $H$ at the hinge.

Which list gives the three forces in increasing order of magnitude? 

A solid rubber ball has a diameter of 8.0 cm. It is released from rest with the top of the ball 80 cm above a horizontal surface. It falls vertically and then bounces back up so that the maximum height reached by the top of the ball is 45 cm, as shown.

If the kinetic energy of the ball is 0.75 J just before it strikes the surface, what is its kinetic energy just after it leaves the surface? 

A wind turbine has blades that sweep an area of 2000 m². It converts the power available in the wind to electrical power with an efficiency of 50%.

What is the electrical power generated if the wind speed is 10 m s^-1?

(The density of air is 1.3 kg m^-3.)

The diagram shows a wheel of circumference 0.30 m. A rope is fastened at one end to a force meter. The rope passes over the wheel and supports a freely hanging load of 100 N. The wheel is driven by an electric motor at a constant rate of 50 revolutions per second.

When the wheel is turning at this rate, the force meter reads 20 N.

What is the output power of the motor? 

Which row correctly states the characteristics of the process of evaporation?

A bore-hole of depth 2000 m contains both oil and water as shown. The pressure due to the liquids at the bottom of the bore-hole is 17.5 MPa. The density of the oil is 830 kg m^-3 and the density of the water is 1000 kg m^-3.

What is the depth x of the oil? 

The stress-strain graphs for four different materials are shown below.

Which diagram shows the stress-strain graph for a ductile metal?

A number of identical springs, each having the same spring constant, are joined in four arrangements. A different load is applied to each arrangement.

Which arrangement has the largest extension?

A light wave of amplitude $A$ is incident normally on a surface of area $S$. The power per unit area reaching the surface is $P$.

The amplitude of the light wave is increased to $2A$. The light is then focussed on to a smaller area $\frac{1}{3}S$.

What is the power per unit area on this smaller area?

A wave has a speed of 340 ms$^{-1}$ and a period of 0.28 ms.

What is its wavelength?

Which line in the table summarises the change in wave characteristics on going from infra-red to ultraviolet in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Light of wavelength 600 nm is incident on a pair of slits. Fringes with a spacing of 4.0 mm are formed on a screen. What will be the fringe spacing when the wavelength of the light is changed to 400 nm and the separation of the slits is doubled?

The speed of a transverse wave on a stretched string can be changed by adjusting the tension of the string. A stationary wave pattern is set up on a stretched string using an oscillator set at a frequency of 650 Hz.

How must the wave be changed to maintain the same stationary wave pattern if the applied frequency is increased to 750 Hz?

Noise reduction headphones actively produce their own sound waves in order to cancel out external sound waves.

A microphone in the headphones receives waves of one frequency. A loudspeaker in the headphones then produces a wave of that frequency but of a different phase.

What is the phase difference between the external sound wave and the wave produced by the loudspeaker in the headphones?

A beam of electrons is directed into an electric field and is deflected by it.

Diagram 1 represents an electric field in the plane of the paper. Diagram 2 represents an electric field directed perpendicular to the plane of the paper.

The lines A, B, C and D represent possible paths of the electron beam. All paths are in the plane of the paper.

Which line best represents the path of the electrons inside the field?

Two oppositely-charged parallel plates are arranged as shown.

 
An electron is released from rest from the surface of the negatively-charged plate.

 
The electron travels from the negatively-charged plate towards the positively-charged plate.

 
Which graph shows how the force $F$ on the electron varies with its distance $x$ from the negative plate? 

A power supply of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 12V and internal resistance 2.0Ω is connected in series with a 13Ω resistor.

What is the power dissipated in the 13Ω resistor?

When a battery is connected to a resistor, the battery gradually becomes warm. This causes the internal resistance of the battery to increase whilst its e.m.f. stays unchanged.
As the internal resistance of the battery increases, how do the terminal potential difference and the output power change, if at all?
[Table_1]

The principles of conservation of which two quantities are associated with Kirchhoff’s first and second laws?
[Table_1]

A circuit is set up as shown, supplied by a 3V battery. All resistances are 1kΩ.
What will be the reading on the voltmeter?

The diagram shows an incorrectly connected circuit. The ammeter has a resistance of 0.1Ω and the voltmeter has a resistance of 1MΩ.

Which statement is correct?

A 12 V battery is in series with an ammeter, a 2 Ω fixed resistor and a 0–10 Ω variable resistor. A high-resistance voltmeter is connected across the variable resistor.
The resistance of the variable resistor is changed from zero to its maximum value.
Which graph shows how the potential difference (p.d.) measured by the voltmeter varies with the current measured by the ammeter?

A nickel nucleus $^{59}_{28}\text{Ni}$ can be transformed by a process termed K-capture. In this process the nucleus absorbs an orbital electron.
If no other process is involved, what is the resulting nucleus?

It was once thought that the mass of an atom is spread uniformly through the volume of the atom. When $\alpha$-particles are directed at a piece of gold foil, the results led scientists to believe instead that nearly all the mass of the gold atom is concentrated at a point inside the atom.
Which effect is possible only if nearly all the mass of the gold atom is concentrated at a point?

Which pair of nuclei are isotopes of one another?
[Table showing pairs of nuclei with nucleon number and number of neutrons]

A. nucleon number: 186, 180; number of neutrons: 112, 118
B. nucleon number: 186, 182; number of neutrons: 112, 108
C. nucleon number: 184, 187; number of neutrons: 110, 110
D. nucleon number: 186, 186; number of neutrons: 110, 112