AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2013 Winter Zone 3

Which estimate is realistic?

Which unit is equivalent to the coulomb?

Two forces of equal magnitude are represented by two coplanar vectors. One is directed eastwards and the other is directed northwards.
What is the direction of a single force that will balance these two forces?

The spring constant $k$ of a coiled wire spring is given by the equation $k = \frac{Gr^4}{4nR^3}$ where $r$ is the radius of the wire, $n$ is the number of turns of wire and $R$ is the radius of each of the turns of wire. The quantity $G$ depends on the material from which the wire is made. What is a suitable unit for $G$?

An uncalibrated analogue voltmeter P is connected in parallel with another voltmeter Q which is known to be accurately calibrated. For a range of values of potential difference (p.d.), readings are taken from the two meters. The diagram shows the calibration graph obtained.

The graph shows that meter P has a zero error. This meter is now adjusted to remove this zero error. When the meter is recalibrated, the gradient of the calibration graph is found to be unchanged.

What is the new scale reading on meter P when it is used to measure a p.d. of 5.0 V?

A student wishes to determine the density $\rho$ of lead. She measures the mass and diameter of a small sphere of lead:

mass = (0.506 ± 0.005) g

diameter = (2.20 ± 0.02) mm.

What is the best estimate of the percentage uncertainty in her value of $\rho$?

The graph shows how the velocity $v$ of a firework rocket changes with time $t$.

At which point on the graph does the rocket have the greatest acceleration?

On a particular railway, a train driver applies the brake of the train at a yellow signal, a distance of 1.0 km from a red signal, where the train stops.

The maximum deceleration of the train is $0.20 , {m/s}^2$.

Assuming uniform deceleration, what is the maximum safe speed of the train at the yellow signal?

A person, travelling on a motorway a total distance of 200 km, travels the first 90 km at an average speed of 80 km h$^{-1}$.

Which average speed must be obtained for the rest of the journey if the person is to reach the destination in a total time of 2 hours 0 minutes?

A moving thorium nucleus $^{230}_{90}\text{Th}$ spontaneously emits an $\alpha$-particle. The nucleus formed is a radium nucleus $^{226}_{88}\text{Ra}$, as shown.

Which statement is correct?

An isolated system consists of two bodies on which no external forces act. The two bodies collide with each other and stick together on impact.

Which row correctly compares the total kinetic energy and the total momentum of the bodies before and after the collision? 

A mass accelerates uniformly when the resultant force acting on it

A lead pellet of mass 10.0 g is shot horizontally into a stationary wooden block of mass 100 g. The pellet hits the block with an impact velocity of 250 m s$^{-1}$. It embeds itself in the block and it does not emerge.

What will be the speed of the block immediately after the pellet is embedded? 

A cupboard is attached to a wall by a screw.

Which force diagram shows the cupboard in equilibrium, with the weight $W$ of the cupboard, the force $S$ that the screw exerts on the cupboard and the force $R$ that the wall exerts on the cupboard?

A diving board of length 5.0 m is hinged at one end and supported 2.0 m from this end by a spring of spring constant $10 kN m^{-1}$. A child of mass 40 kg stands at the far end of the board.

What is the extra compression of the spring caused by the child standing on the end of the board? 

The graph shows how the total resistive force acting on a train varies with its speed. Part of this force is due to wheel friction, which is constant. The rest is due to wind resistance.

What is the ratio \( \frac{\text{wind resistance}}{\text{wheel friction}} \) at a speed of 200 km h\(^{-1}\)? 

The pump of a water pumping system uses 2.0 kW of electrical power when raising water. The pumping system lifts 16 kg of water per second through a vertical height of 7.0 m.

What is the efficiency of the pumping system?

A body travelling with a speed of 20  $m s^{-1}$ has kinetic energy E_k.

If the speed of the body is increased to 80 $m s^{-1}$, what is its new kinetic energy?

An electrical generator is started at time zero. The total electrical energy generated during the first 5 seconds is shown in the graph.

What is the maximum electrical power generated at any instant during these first 5 seconds? 

Gold has a density of 19.3 g cm$^{-3}$.

The volume occupied by a single atom of gold may be considered to be a cube with sides of length $2.6 \times 10^{-8}$ cm.

What is the mass of a gold atom?

In an experiment to demonstrate Brownian motion, a transparent container is filled with smoke particles suspended in air.

What can be seen when the contents of the container are strongly illuminated and viewed through a microscope?

A lift is supported by two steel cables each of length 20 m.

Each of the cables consists of 100 parallel steel wires, each wire of cross-sectional area $3.2 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^2$. The Young modulus of steel is $2.1 \times 10^{11} \text{ N m}^{-2}$.

Which distance does the lift move downward when a man of mass 70 kg steps into it?

What is equal to the Young modulus of a material that is extended elastically within the limit of proportionality?

Electromagnetic waves from an unknown source in space were found to be significantly diffracted when passing through gaps of the order of $10^{-5} \text{ m}$.

Which type of wave are they most likely to be?

The graph shows how the height of the water surface at a point in a harbour varies with time $t$ as waves pass the point.

What are $p$ and $q$? 

The three waves shown in each diagram have the same amplitude and frequency but differ in phase.

They are added together to give a resultant wave.

In which case is the resultant wave zero?

A stationary sound wave has a series of nodes. The distance between the first and the sixth node is 30.0 cm.

What is the wavelength of the sound wave?

What is meant by diffraction?

A student sets up apparatus to observe the double-slit interference of monochromatic light, as shown.

Interference fringes are formed on the screen.

Which change would increase the distance between adjacent fringes?

Two charged parallel metal plates produce an electric field.

A charged particle moves from X to Y.

Which graph shows the variation of the force on the particle with distance from X along the line XY?

A small charge $q$ is placed in the electric field of a large charge $Q$.

Both charges experience a force $F$.

What is the electric field strength of the charge $Q$ at the position of the charge $q$?

The current in a component is reduced uniformly from 100 mA to 20 mA over a period of 8.0 s.
What is the charge that flows during this time?

An electric current is passed from a thick copper wire through a section of thinner copper wire before entering a second thick copper wire as shown.
Which statement about the current and the speed of electrons in the wires is correct?

An electrical device of fixed resistance 20Ω is connected in series with a variable resistor and a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 16V and negligible internal resistance.

What is the resistance of the variable resistor when the power dissipated in the electrical device is 4.0W?

A copper wire is cylindrical and has resistance $R$.
What will be the resistance of a copper wire of twice the length and twice the radius?

The diagram shows the electric motor for a garden pump connected to a 24V power supply by an insulated two-core cable. The motor does not work so, to find the fault, the negative terminal of a voltmeter is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply and its other end is connected in turn to terminals X and Y at the motor. Which row represents two readings and a correct conclusion?

In the circuit shown, the resistance of the thermistor decreases as temperature increases.
Which graph shows the variation with Celsius temperature \( \theta \) of potential difference \( V \) between points P and Q?

A 20 V d.c. supply is connected to a circuit consisting of five resistors L, M, N, P and Q.

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There is a potential drop of 7 V across L and a further 4 V potential drop across N.

What are the potential drops across M, P and Q?

A nucleus of the nuclide $^{228}_{89}\text{Ac}$ decays by emitting a beta particle. The nuclear equation below represents this decay.

$$^{228}_{89}\text{Ac} \rightarrow ^{X}_{Y}\text{Th} + \beta$$

Which pair of values of X and Y is correct?

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Two $\alpha$-particles with equal energies are deflected by a large nucleus. Which diagram best represents their paths?