AS & A Level Physics - 9702 Paper 1 2014 Winter Zone 3

When the brakes are applied on a vehicle moving at speed $v$, the distance $d$ moved by the vehicle in coming to rest is given by the expression
$$d = kv^2$$
where $k$ is a constant. What is the unit of $k$ expressed in SI base units?

Which list contains one vector quantity and two scalar quantities?

In the circuit shown, an analogue ammeter is to be recalibrated as a thermometer. The graph shows how the resistance $R$ of the thermistor changes with temperature $T$.

Which diagram could represent the temperature scale on the ammeter?

The diagram shows part of a thermometer.
What is the correct reading on the thermometer and the uncertainty in this reading?
[Table_1]

The resistance $R$ of a resistor is to be determined. The current $I$ in the resistor and the potential difference $V$ across it are measured.
The results, with their uncertainties, are
$$I = (2.0 \pm 0.2)\, \text{A} \quad V = (15.0 \pm 0.5)\, \text{V}.$$
The value of $R$ is calculated to be 7.5$\Omega$.
What is the uncertainty in this value for $R$?

In an experiment to determine the acceleration of free fall $g$, a ball-bearing is held by an electromagnet. When the current to the electromagnet is switched off, a clock starts and the ball-bearing falls. After falling a distance $h$, the ball-bearing strikes a switch to stop the clock which measures the time $t$ of the fall.

Which expression can be used to calculate the value of $g$?

The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for a mass moving up and down on the end of a spring.

Which point represents the velocity of the mass when at the lowest point of its motion?

A ball is released from rest on a smooth slope XY. It moves down the slope, along a smooth horizontal surface YZ and rebounds inelastically at Z. Then it moves back to Y and comes to rest momentarily somewhere on XY.

Which velocity-time graph represents the motion of the ball? 

A man weighs 240N on Mars where the acceleration of free fall $g$ is $4\,\text{ms}^{-2}$. On the Moon, $g$ is $2\,\text{ms}^{-2}$.

Which statement is correct?

A body experiences a varying resultant force that causes its momentum to vary, as shown in the graph. At which point does the resultant force have the largest value? 

A golf ball of mass $m$ is dropped onto a hard surface from a height $h_1$ and rebounds to a height $h_2$.

The momentum of the golf ball just as it reaches the surface is different from its momentum just as it leaves the surface.

What is the total change in the momentum of the golf ball between these two instants? (Ignore air resistance.)

A sealed cylindrical steel can is situated below the surface of water.

What is the origin of the upthrust that acts on the can? 

A cylinder of weight $W$ is placed on a smooth slope. The contact force of the slope on the cylinder is $R$. A thread is attached to the surface of the cylinder. The other end of the thread is fixed.

Which diagram shows the cylinder in equilibrium?

A uniform metre rule of mass 100 g is supported by a pivot at the 40 cm mark and a string at the 100 cm mark. The string passes round a frictionless pulley and carries a mass of 20 g as shown in the diagram.

At which mark on the rule must a 50 g mass be suspended so that the rule balances? 

A constant force $F$, acting on a car of mass $m$, moves the car up a slope through a distance $s$ at constant velocity $v$. The angle of the slope to the horizontal is $\alpha$.

Which expression gives the efficiency of the process? 

The diagram shows a particle X, with kinetic energy $E_k$, about to collide with a stationary particle Y. Both particles have the same mass.

After colliding, X and Y travel onwards together as a single larger particle.

How much kinetic energy is lost in the collision? 

A box of weight 30 N is released from rest on a ramp that is at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. The box slides down the ramp so that it falls through a vertical distance of 8.0 m. A constant frictional force of 10 N acts on the box while it is moving.

What is the kinetic energy of the box after falling through this distance? 

A positive charge experiences a force $F$ when placed at point X in a uniform electric field. The charge is then moved from point X to point Y. Distances $r$ and $s$ are shown on the diagram.

What is the change in the potential energy of the charge? 

A van driver adjusts the force on a van’s brakes so that the van travels at constant speed down a hill from P to Q.

The magnitude of the change in the van’s kinetic energy is $\Delta E_k$. The magnitude of the change in its gravitational potential energy is $\Delta E_p$.

Which statement is correct? 

Atmospheric pressure at sea level has a value of 100 kPa.

The density of sea water is $1020 \text{ kg m}^{-3}$.

At which depth in the sea would the total pressure be 110 kPa?

A student is studying Brownian motion.

Using a microscope, she observes particles of smoke in a glass container, illuminated by a strong light. The particles of smoke have a zig-zag path, constantly changing speed and direction.

What happens to the smoke particles if the air in the container is heated?

The diagram shows two liquids, labelled P and Q, which do not mix. The liquids are in equilibrium in an open U-tube.

What is the ratio

 $$\frac{\text{density of P}}{\text{density of Q}}  ?  $$  

What is meant by the ultimate tensile stress of a material?

The graph shows the behaviour of a sample of a metal when it is stretched until it starts to undergo plastic deformation.

What is the total work done in stretching the sample from zero to 12.0 mm extension? Simplify the calculation by treating the curve XY as a straight line.

Two springs, one with spring constant $k_1 = 4 \, \text{kN m}^{-1}$ and the other with spring constant $k_2 = 2 \, \text{kN m}^{-1}$, are connected as shown.

What is the total extension of the springs when supporting a load of 80 N?

Which statement about waves is correct?

The variation with distance $x$ of the intensity $I$ along a stationary sound wave in air is shown by the following graph.

The speed of sound in air is $340 \text{ m s}^{-1}$.

What is the frequency of the sound wave?

Plane wavefronts in a ripple tank pass through a gap as shown.

Which property of the wave will be different at Q compared with P?

An organ pipe of length $l$ is open at both ends. Notes are produced by the pipe when stationary waves are set up.

The speed of sound in the air column is $v$.

What is the lowest (fundamental) frequency of the note produced by the pipe?

Interference fringes are produced on a screen by double-slit interference using light of wavelength 600 nm. The fringe separation is 4.0 mm and the separation of the slits is 0.60 mm.

What is the distance between the double slit and the screen?

Regions of unbalanced charge are produced inside a cloud as shown.

For the region X, which diagram correctly represents the direction of the electric field and the initial direction in which electrons would move? 

The path of an electron with initial speed $v$ in the uniform electric field between two parallel plates is shown.

The vertical deflection $x$ is measured at the right-hand edge of the plates.

The distance between the plates is halved. The potential difference between the plates remains the same.

What will be the new deflection of the electron with the same initial speed $v$?

A metal wire of length 0.50 m has a resistance of 12\Omega.
What is the resistance of a wire of length 2.0 m and made of the same material, but with half the diameter?

A student found two unmarked resistors. To determine the resistance of the resistors, the circuit below was set up. The resistors were connected in turn between P and Q, noting the current readings. The voltage readings were noted without the resistors and with each resistor in turn. The results were entered into a spreadsheet as shown. The student forgot to enter the column headings. Which order of the headings would be correct?

A potential divider consists of resistors of resistance $R_1$ and $R_2$ connected in series across a source of potential difference $V_0$. The potential difference across $R_1$ is $V_{out}$.

Which changes to $R_1$ and $R_2$ will increase the value of $V_{out}$?

An extension lead is used to connect a 240V electrical supply to a heater as shown.
A voltmeter measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater as 216V and an ammeter measures the current through the heater as 7.7A.
What is the total resistance of the extension lead?

In the circuit shown, the ammeters have negligible resistance and the voltmeters have infinite resistance.



The readings on the meters are $I_1$, $I_2$, $V_1$ and $V_2$, as labelled on the diagram.

Which statement is correct?

The nucleus of a radioactive isotope of an element emits an alpha particle. The daughter nucleus then emits a beta particle and then the daughter nucleus of that reaction emits another beta particle.
Which statement describes the final nuclide that is formed?

A nuclear reaction is shown.
$$\small^{238}_{92}\text{U} + \small^{4}_{2}\text{He} \rightarrow \small^{241}_{94}\text{Pu} + X$$
What is product X?

Alpha, beta and gamma radiations
1 are absorbed to different extents in solids,
2 behave differently in an electric field,
3 behave differently in a magnetic field.

The diagrams illustrate these behaviours.



Which three labels on these diagrams refer to the same kind of radiation?