AS & A Level Biology - 9700 Paper 1 2012 Winter Zone 2

Which eyepiece and objective lens combination of a light microscope enables you to see the greatest number of cells in the field of view?
[Table_1]

What are the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?
[Table_1]
Table 1 depicts characteristics such as endoplasmic reticulum and genetic material.

The following are all features of eukaryotic cells.
1 chloroplast
2 Golgi apparatus
3 lysosome
4 mitochondrion
5 nucleus
Which of these has a single membrane?

Plant cells are fixed, stained and viewed through a light microscope. What would be clearly visible at x400 magnification?

Which size range would include most prokaryotic cells?

The photomicrograph shows some plant tissues and the magnification is \times 200.
What is the diameter of the cell marked Z?

Heating with which solution breaks glycosidic bonds?

The diagram shows four molecules.

Which two molecules condense to form sucrose?

Which molecules have a structural formula that contains C=O bonds?
1 glucose
2 glycerol
3 protein

Haemoglobin consists of two $\alpha$ chains and two $\beta$ chains. Approximately 5\% of all humans have one amino acid in the $\beta$ chain different from normal.
Which level(s) of protein structure could be changed in these humans?

Which of the statements about polysaccharides can be used to describe both glycogen and amylopectin?
1 contains 1,4 glycosidic bonds
2 contains 1,6 glycosidic bonds
3 polymer of \( \alpha \)-glucose

Which row shows the types of bond found at different levels of protein structures?
[Table_1]

What is the role of enzymes in metabolism?

Two enzyme experiments were carried out. The first, experiment X, was carried out at a constant temperature of 37°C. During the second experiment, the temperature was increased from 37°C to 80°C. All other factors were kept the same.
Which graph shows the results?

Which role of the cell surface membrane is not a result of the properties of the phospholipids?

An increase in which component would make the cell surface membrane more fluid?

Which processes that move substances across cell surface membranes result in an equilibrium?
1 active transport
2 diffusion
3 facilitated diffusion
4 osmosis

Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from one solution W to a different solution Y.

How has the water potential changed in diagram 2?

Immediately after which stage in mitosis in an animal cell does the cytoplasm start to divide?

The diagram shows a cell of an organism formed by reduction division.
What is the diploid number for this organism?

Which is not a description of a gene?

Which row in the table correctly shows situations in which both DNA and RNA are both involved? [Table_1]

The diagram shows the stages in the production of a polypeptide.
DNA nucleotide sequence
template strand T A C G A C A A T C G C
mRNA sequence A U G C U G U U A G C G
amino acid sequence met leu leu ala

Which feature of the triplet code is illustrated by the information given?

What is correct about the uptake and transport of water in plants?
1. Water transported by the symplast pathway enters root hair cells down a water potential gradient
2. Water is transported in xylem by the symplast and apoplast pathways to reach the leaves
3. Water transported by the apoplast pathway through plasmodesmata must pass through cell surface membranes of endodermal cells

Which combination of conditions increases the rate of transpiration in plants?
[Table_1]

Which statement explains why sucrose, rather than glucose, is transported by phloem?

The diagrams show transverse sections of parts of a plant.

In the transverse sections, what do 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent?

The diagram shows the effect of three different concentrations of carbon dioxide on the oxygen dissociation curve for human haemoglobin.

What effect does carbon dioxide have on haemoglobin?

Why does the number of red blood cells in a human increase after several weeks at high altitude?

The graph shows the pressure changes in the left atrium, left ventricle and aorta during a cardiac cycle.

With reference to the semilunar valve and atrioventricular valve, what is happening at points 1, 2, 3, and 4?

Normal venous pressure in the feet is 3.3 kPa. When a person stands very still venous blood pressure in the feet rises to 5.0 kPa.
What causes the high pressure?

Some people find it difficult to breath out large volumes of air from their lungs. Their breathing is noisy and rapid. Which disease are they likely to be suffering from?

Which of the following can result in heart failure?
1. increase in blood pressure
2. deposits of fatty material in arteries and veins
3. reduced oxygen supply to cardiac muscle
4. increased risk of blood clotting

An adult human has approximately 5 dm^3 of blood, which circulates about once a minute.
100 cm^3 of arterial blood carries 19 cm^3 of oxygen. 100 cm^3 of venous blood carries 12.5 cm^3 of oxygen.
What is the approximate volume in cm^3 of oxygen taken up per minute in the lungs?

Which of the following increases the risk of contracting measles?
1. drinking unpasteurised milk
2. eating shellfish which have fed on raw sewage
3. living in overcrowded conditions

To prevent a disease, dead bacteria may be injected into the body.
What type of immune response is produced?
Table: [Table_1]

The graph shows the primary and secondary responses of the immune system to antigens.

What are responses X and Y?

A primary consumer, X, is removed from a community due to a lethal viral infection. After a time, the size of the populations of some of the organisms shown in the food web changed.
Which population of organisms increased?

The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle.
During which stage does nitrification take place?

The total rate at which producers synthesise organic material is called gross primary productivity (GPP). The rate at which producers store organic material as new tissue is called net primary productivity (NPP). What shows the relationship between GPP and NPP?