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Some yeast, sugar and water are mixed in a test-tube. The diagrams show the test-tube at the start and after one hour.
Which process causes this change?
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Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?
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Use the key to identify the animal shown in the diagram.
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Which organelles are present in large numbers in cells that produce insulin?
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The actual thickness of the leaf shown in the diagram is 2000 \mu m, but its thickness in the diagram is 50 mm.
What is the magnification of the diagram?
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The diagram shows an experiment on osmosis.
Which arrow shows the direction of the net movement of water at the start of the experiment?
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Active transport is the movement of
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When bases pair up in the formation of DNA, what is one of the pairings?
[Options provided]
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Small molecules are used as the basic units in the synthesis of large food molecules. Which statement is correct?
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Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme?
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The diagram represents enzyme action.
What are parts W, X and Y in this chemical reaction?
[Table_1]
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Two similar leaves are set up in test-tubes as shown. One is exposed to light, while the other is kept in the dark.
After a few hours, which colour would the hydrogencarbonate indicator solution be in each tube?
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The diagram shows a villus. The arrows show the direction of flow within vessels associated with the villus. Which vessel carries blood to the liver?
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Which graph shows most clearly what will happen to the rate of transpiration as humidity increases?
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The diagram shows a potted plant and the same plant 24 hours later.
What causes the change in the appearance of the plant?
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The diagram shows a section through the human heart. Which is the right atrioventricular valve?
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What is the function of lymphocytes in the blood?
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Which part of a pathogen is recognised by the immune system?
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Compared with atmospheric air, air breathed out by a human contains
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What describes the actions of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm when we breathe out? [Table_1]
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What is the word equation for aerobic respiration in plants?
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An amino acid is deaminated. This is the removal of
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The diagram shows the density of rods and cones across a horizontal section of the retina.
What is the position of the optic nerve?
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What are the effects of insulin and glucagon on the concentration of blood glucose?
[Table_1]
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Which organ is most often damaged by regularly drinking too much alcohol?
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What are advantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?
[Table_1]
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The diagrams show pollen grains from three different species of plant as they appear under the microscope. The diagrams are all to the same scale.
Which pollen grains are involved in insect-pollination?
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What happens to the chromosome number after meiosis and after mitosis?
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In the inheritance of ABO blood groups, when two parents have the genotypes $I^A I^A$ and $I^A I^o$, what is the blood group of their offspring?
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Which structures are present in a bacterial cell? [Table_1]
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The whole of an island’s population of short-haired bumblebees is descended from just two parents. These were introduced from the mainland.
Which statement about the island’s short-haired bumblebee population, compared with that of the mainland, is correct?
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The diagram shows a pyramid of biomass for a food chain in a woodland ecosystem.
What is the pyramid of numbers for this food chain?
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The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. At which stage is denitrification occurring?
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Penicillin is produced in a fermenter by growing the fungus ‘Penicillium’. The graph shows how the mass of living ‘Penicillium’ fungus and the concentration of penicillin changed over time. When is the best time to collect the penicillin?
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A gene for insulin is taken from a human cell and placed in a bacterium. The bacterium can then make human insulin.
What is this process called?
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Which effect is least likely to occur as a result of deforestation?
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The diagram shows the positions of four farms and the concentrations of nitrate at different points in a river. Which farm is likely to have been using too much fertiliser on its land?
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