Cambridge IGCSE Physics - 0625 - Supplement Paper 2 2024 Summer Zone 2

A student wishes to measure accurately the volume of approximately 40 cm^3 of water. She has two measuring cylinders, a larger one that can hold 100 cm^3, and a smaller one that can hold 50 cm^3. The water forms a meniscus where it touches the glass. Which cylinder and which water level does the student use to ensure an accurate result?

The motion of an object is represented by the speed–time graph shown. Which quantity is equal to the area under the graph?

An astronaut of mass 80kg is standing on a planet with gravitational field strength $g = 3.8 \, \text{N/kg}$.
What is the weight of the astronaut on this planet?

A sealed container of volume 2000 cm³ contains air at high pressure. The container is placed on a top-pan balance. The balance reads 200.00 g. All the air is removed by a vacuum pump and the balance reading changes to 196.00 g. What was the density of the pressurised air?

Each diagram shows three forces on a beam.
In which situation is it possible for the three forces shown to be in equilibrium?

A gymnast jumps down from a high piece of apparatus. She gradually bends her knees as she lands. Which effect does this have?

The table gives four energy resources and states whether the main source of energy for the resource is the Sun. Which row is correct? [Table_1]

The equation $\Delta p = \rho g \Delta h$ can be used for a liquid.
What is the meaning of the term $\rho$?

What are the correct terms for each change of state? [Table_1]

Extremely small pollen grains in water are viewed through a microscope. The grains are seen to move continually and randomly. What is the reason for this random movement?

Which graph shows how the volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature varies with its pressure?

Which effect is caused by thermal expansion?

The temperature of the water at the bottom of a waterfall is greater than the temperature of the water at the top.
The energy in the gravitational potential store of the water at the top is transferred to the thermal store at the bottom.
The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg°C).
What is the temperature difference for a waterfall of height 21 m?

An ice cube is placed in a beaker and is heated. The ice melts to form water, which evaporates at first and then boils. The steam condenses on a cold window in the room. Which process involves a transfer of energy from the ice, water or steam to the surroundings?

A teacher shows his class a polystyrene cup. The polystyrene is a thick plastic with lots of tiny air bubbles in it. He asks the class why the cup is so good at keeping a hot drink warm. Three suggestions are made. 1. It contains air which is a poor thermal conductor. 2. The air is trapped in tiny bubbles so very little convection is possible. 3. The plastic is a poor thermal conductor. Which suggestions are correct?

Two samples of the same material have the same mass but different surface areas. Each sample is heated to the same temperature and then left to cool to room temperature. Each sample is allowed to cool to the same final temperature.
[Image_1: Diagram showing X with small surface area and Y with large surface area]
Which row correctly compares the decrease in internal energy and the initial rate of cooling for each sample?

In which type of wave is the direction of vibration parallel to the direction of travel?

Waves in a ripple tank are diffracted as they pass through a narrow gap.
What can be done to make the spreading due to diffraction greater?

Diagram 1 shows the page of a book in front of a plane mirror.
An eye is looking at the image of the page.
Diagram 2 shows a large letter G on the page facing the mirror.

What is the appearance of the image of G seen by the eye?

The diagram shows a ray of light passing from air into diamond. What is the refractive index of the diamond?

The ray diagrams show the formation of an image by two different converging lenses.

Which row describes the images produced?

White light enters a glass prism. The light leaving the other side of the prism is separated into colours. Which row correctly describes what happens? [Table_1]

Thermal radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. What is the name of this region of the spectrum?

A remote-controlled vehicle is travelling on the surface of a planet. The vehicle senses an obstacle ahead. It sends a radio message to the control room from where it is being controlled. The control room is $2.4 \times 10^6$ km away from the vehicle. The control room sends a message back to the vehicle telling it to stop.
What is the minimum time that elapses between the vehicle sensing the obstacle and receiving the message back from the control room?

Which statement about the direction of a magnetic field at a point is correct?

A student draws graphs of an a.c. supply and a d.c. supply. Which row shows the correct labels for W, X, and Y? [Table_1]

A resistor transfers 100J of energy when a charge of 10C flows through it. What is the potential difference across the resistor?

Wire X and wire Y are made from the same metal. The table gives information about the two wires. [Table_1] What is the resistance of wire Y?

The diagram shows two resistors used as a potential divider.
The reading on the voltmeter is 1.8V. What is the resistance of the resistor R?

Two electrical appliances are connected to the mains supply. The cable connected to one appliance includes an earth wire. The cable connected to the second appliance does not need an earth wire. What is a reason for this difference?

The diagram shows a simple a.c. generator. The magnet rotates around a fixed coil wound round a fixed iron core. The electromotive force (e.m.f.) output is a sine wave, a series of crests, zeros, and troughs.
The magnet is shown in three positions, P, Q, and R, during its rotation. The magnetic field in the coil is zero at Q but changing most rapidly.

Which statement about the induced e.m.f. in the coil is correct?

A 24V power supply and a 100\% efficient transformer are used to light a 6.0V, 12W lamp. What is the current in the power supply?

The scattering of particles by a thin gold foil provided scientists with evidence for the nuclear atom. Which particles were scattered by the gold nuclei in the thin foil?

A nucleus X has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Which notation is correct for this nucleus?

The dashed line on the graph shows the decay curve recorded from a sample of a particular radioactive isotope. The count rate includes background radiation.
Which curve shows the corrected count rate for the decay?

Which type of radioactive source is suitable for use in measuring and controlling the thickness of paper in a paper-manufacturing factory? [Table_1]

A medical tracer is used to investigate a tumour in a patient.
The graph shows the corrected count rate from the tracer against time.

What is the half-life of the source?

The Earth orbits the Sun once in approximately 365 days. The average radius of the orbit is $1.5 \times 10^{11}$ m. What is the average orbital speed of the Earth?

Which statement about the life cycle of a star is correct?

A galaxy at a distance of $3.1 \times 10^{21}$ km is moving away from the Earth with a speed of 7000 km/s. What is the Hubble constant $H_0$ calculated using this data and what is the speed of a galaxy at a distance of $6.2 \times 10^{21}$ km from the Earth?