No questions found
Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of the alimentary canal and associated organs.
(a) State the letter from Fig. 1.1 that identifies the part where:
alcohol is broken down ...............................
egestion occurs ................................
hydrochloric acid is produced ...............................
mechanical digestion occurs ...............................
salivary amylase is produced ...............................
the most absorption occurs. ............................... [6]
(b) State the names of the parts labelled B and H in Fig. 1.1.
B ..................................................................................................................
H ................................................................................................................. [2]
(c) State the names of the three parts of the large intestine.
1 .................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................
3 ................................................................................................................. [3]
539
547
539
(a) Different age groups of people, in one area, were asked about their tobacco smoking habits.
Fig. 2.1 is a graph that shows the percentage of people that currently smoke tobacco and the percentage of people that used to smoke tobacco but have now stopped.
Describe how the data for the 60+ age group are different from the 16-24-year-old age group. [3]
(b) Lung cancer and other cancers are caused by smoking tobacco.
State the names of two other diseases caused by smoking tobacco. [2]
(c) State the name of the component of tobacco smoke that causes cancer. [1]
(d) Describe the effects of carbon monoxide on the gas exchange system. [3]
557
536
542
(a) A scientist found that chuckwallas were also eaten by coyotes.
Draw an arrow on Fig. 3.1 to show this information. [1]
(b) Table 3.1 shows some of the terms used to describe the organisms in Fig. 3.1.
Place tick(s) (✓) in all the boxes in Table 3.1 that correctly describe each organism.
Table 3.1
| producer | consumer | herbivore | carnivore | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| coyote | ||||
| jack rabbit | ||||
| rattlesnake | ||||
| yucca plant |
(c) State the name of the organism in Fig. 3.1 that is both a secondary and a tertiary consumer.
...................................................................................................................................[1]
(d) A new organism that eats cactus plants was introduced to the food web in Fig. 3.1.
Predict and explain the effect this would have on the chuckwalla population.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. [2]
(e) Chuckwallas are a type of lizard.
They have adapted to be able to lose part of their tail if they are caught by predators.
Fig. 3.2 is a photograph of a chuckwalla.
Complete the sentences using words from the list to describe how chuckwallas have evolved the ability to lose part of their tails by natural selection.
Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.
all alleles behaviour none offspring parents predators some
A mutation caused some of the population of chuckwallas to be able to lose part of their tail.
Chuckwallas that could lose their tail were able to escape ................................................ .
These chuckwallas survived long enough to breed and pass their ................................................ on to their ................................................ .
Eventually ................................................ of the chuckwallas had the ability to lose their tails. [4]
[Total: 12]
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548
549
(a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of a plant cell.
Identify the parts of the plant cell in Fig. 4.1 by labelling them in the spaces provided, using words from the list.
cell membrane cell wall chloroplast
cytoplasm nucleus vacuole [4]
(b) The boxes on the left show parts of a plant cell.
The boxes on the right show the functions of the parts.
Draw lines to link each part with its function. Draw four lines.
part function
cell wall contains the genetic material
chloroplast filled with sap and supports the plant cell
nucleus made of cellulose and strengthens the plant cell
vacuole site of photosynthesis
site of respiration [4]
(c) Xylem is a specialised plant tissue.
State two functions of xylem tissue.
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................. [2]
(d) Plant shoots and roots respond to stimuli.
Fig. 4.2 is a photograph of a plant that has been grown in the dark.
The plant has been grown with the pot in this position and is showing a tropic response to this stimulus.
(i) State the name of the tropic response shown in Fig. 4.2.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Describe how the roots would respond to the same stimulus.
............................................................................................................................. [1]
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527
549
(a) A student investigated the effect of the concentration of carbon dioxide on the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant.
Table 5.1 shows the results of the investigation.
Table 5.1
| concentration of carbon dioxide / ppm | rate of release of oxygen / cm3 per hour |
| --- | --- |
| 0 | 0.0 |
| 100 | 11.2 |
| 300 | 26.1 |
(i) Describe and explain the results shown in Table 5.1.
..................................................................................................................................................... [3]
(ii) State why the temperature should have been kept constant during this investigation.
..................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Carbon dioxide is an example of a greenhouse gas.
(i) State the name of one other greenhouse gas.
..................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State the name of the chemical used to test for the presence of carbon dioxide and state the result of a positive test.
chemical ..................................................................................................................................................
positive result ....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Farmers use fertilisers on crops to improve crop growth. These fertilisers can cause pollution when washed into rivers.
State the names of two other substances used to improve crop yield that can cause pollution.
1 ...................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................... [2]
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520
(a) The box on the left contains the term `Anaerobic respiration`.
The boxes on the right show some sentence endings.
Match the box on the left to three boxes on the right to make three correct sentences.
[Image_1: Anaerobic respiration]
- involves the action of enzymes.
- is required for diffusion to occur.
- produces lactic acid in humans.
- releases less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration.
- requires carbon dioxide.
- requires oxygen in humans. [3]
(b) State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast.
.................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Respiration is one of the characteristics of living things.
State the names of three other characteristics of living things.
1 .................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................
3 ................................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 8]
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573
(a) Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of the circulatory system.
[Image_1: Fig. 7.1]
(i) State the names of the blood vessels labelled A, C and E in Fig. 7.1.
A ...............................................................................................................................
C ...............................................................................................................................
E ............................................................................................................................... [3]
(ii) State the letter in Fig. 7.1 that identifies the blood vessel that contains the highest oxygen concentration.
........................................................................................................................ [1]
(b) Describe three ways the structure of arteries differs from the structure of veins.
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
3 ............................................................................................................................. [3]
(c) White blood cells are one of the components of blood.
(i) State two functions of white blood cells.
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) State two other main components of blood.
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................. [2]
512
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508
(a) Menstruation is the monthly loss of the lining of the uterus.
The age, in years, when the first menstruation occurred was recorded for one area.
Table 8.1 shows the results.
Table 8.1 [Table_1]
(i) State the most common age of first menstruation.
......................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State the number of females that had their first menstruation at 15 years of age.
......................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Describe what happens to the lining of the uterus during a typical menstrual cycle between:
days 1 to 5 ............................................................................................................
days 8 to 14 ..........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Describe what happens in the ovary on day 14 in a typical menstrual cycle.
........................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) State the name of the hormone that causes the development of secondary sexual characteristics in boys.
........................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) State two physical changes that occur in males and in females during puberty.
1 ..........................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 8]
536
582
549
