No questions found
Brownian motion and the diffusion of gases provide evidence for the particulate nature of matter.
Which row identifies an example of Brownian motion and how molecular mass determines the rate of diffusion of gas molecules?
[Table_1]
585
500
567
A student put exactly 25.00 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid into a conical flask. The student added 2.5 g of solid sodium carbonate and measured the change in temperature of the mixture. Which apparatus does the student need to use?
512
514
527
A student separates sugar from pieces of broken glass by dissolving the sugar in water and filtering off the broken glass.
What is the filtrate?
542
561
540
The nucleus of a particular atom consists of nineteen particles. Nine of them are positively charged and ten of them are uncharged.
Which statement about this nucleus is correct?
501
519
504
A Group I element combines with a Group VII element and forms an ionic bond.
Which row shows how the electronic structures change?
[Table_1]
545
586
554
Which statement describes the attractive forces between molecules?
546
553
502
Which diagram shows the outer electron arrangement in a molecule of carbon dioxide?
505
574
562
Aluminium oxide is an ionic compound containing $Al^{3+}$ ions and $O^{2-}$ ions.
Aluminium hydroxide is an ionic compound containing $Al^{3+}$ ions and $OH^{-}$ ions.
In which row are the formulae for aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide correct?
[Table_1]
536
565
520
Effervescence is observed at the negative electrode (cathode) during the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride. Which element is produced at the negative electrode (cathode)?
524
520
600
The energy level diagram for a chemical reaction is shown. Which statement about this reaction is correct?
533
523
574
Chlorine reacts with ethane to produce chloroethane and hydrogen chloride.
The reaction is exothermic.
The bond energies are shown in the table.
[Table_1]
What is the energy change for the reaction?
595
563
530
What is the concentration of the solution when 31.8g of sodium carbonate, $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$, is dissolved in water to make a solution of 250 cm$^3$?
550
545
544
A fuel cell is used to generate electricity.
Which chemicals are used in a fuel cell?
590
511
545
Sulfuric acid is manufactured using the Contact process. One of the reactions is shown.
$$2SO_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2SO_3(g)$$
The forward reaction is exothermic.
statement 1: The equation has more molecules on the left-hand side than on the right-hand side.
statement 2: Using a higher pressure shifts the equilibrium to the left.
statement 3: Higher temperatures increase the rate of reaction.
statement 4: Increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right.
Which alternative is correct?
543
530
588
Iron(II) chloride solution reacts with chlorine gas.
The equation is shown.
$2\text{FeCl}_2(\text{aq}) + \text{Cl}_2(\text{g}) \to 2\text{FeCl}_3(\text{aq})$
Which statements about this reaction are correct?
1. $\text{Fe}^{2+}$ ions are reduced to $\text{Fe}^{3+}$ ions.
2. Chlorine acts as a reducing agent.
3. $\text{Fe}^{2+}$ ions each lose an electron.
4. $\text{Cl}_2$ molecules are reduced to $\text{Cl}^-$ ions.
521
560
577
Excess dilute hydrochloric acid is added to equal masses of powdered calcium carbonate in two separate experiments. Two different concentrations of hydrochloric acid are used. The temperature in both experiments is the same. The results show the change in mass of the reaction flask measured over time.
[Graph showing mass of reaction flask over time with two lines for $1.0 \text{mol/dm}^3 \text{HCl}$ and $2.0 \text{mol/dm}^3 \text{HCl}$]
Why is the rate of reaction for the $1.0 \text{mol/dm}^3$ hydrochloric acid slower?
546
507
595
Basic oxides are neutralised by acidic oxides.
Which element forms an oxide that neutralises calcium oxide?
594
504
600
Four solid oxides are added to dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide. Which row describes an amphoteric oxide?
[Table]
| | hydrochloric acid | sodium hydroxide |
|------------|------------------|------------------|
| A | ✓ | ✓ |
| B | x | ✓ |
| C | ✓ | x |
| D | x | x |
key:
✓ = reacts
x = does not react
561
565
539
Which row describes an acid and an oxidising agent?
[Table_1]
558
584
538
A period of the Periodic Table is shown.
[Table]
The letters are not their chemical symbols.
Which statement is correct?
564
551
561
Part of the Periodic Table is shown.
Which pairs of the elements J, K, L, M and N react together to form a product with a 1 : 1 ratio?
588
566
511
Which property is shown by transition metals but not shown by Group I metals?
501
558
586
The noble gases are in Group VIII of the Periodic Table. Which statement explains why noble gases are unreactive?
538
593
579
Which statement is correct for all metals?
600
512
542
Chromium is a more reactive metal than iron but less reactive than zinc.
Which statements are correct?
1. Chromium does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid.
2. Chromium oxide is reduced when it is heated with carbon.
3. Chromium reacts with zinc oxide to form zinc.
4. Chromium reacts with steam to form hydrogen gas.
566
543
546
Aluminium objects do not need protection from corrosion.
Iron objects must be protected from corrosion.
Which statement explains why aluminium resists corrosion?
600
549
599
Which statement describes how oxides of nitrogen are formed in a car engine?
500
538
563
Ships are made of steel, an alloy of iron.
Blocks of magnesium are attached to the underside of ships to prevent rusting.
Which statement explains how the magnesium prevents rusting?
518
577
519
Which process is used to produce hydrogen for the Haber process?
581
531
563
One of the steps in manufacturing sulfuric acid in the Contact process is shown.
$$2SO_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2SO_3(g)$$
Which catalyst is used to increase the rate of this reaction?
578
560
575
Lime (calcium oxide) is used to treat waste water from a factory. Which substance is removed by the lime?
500
521
506
Fuel X produces carbon dioxide and water when it is burned in air. So does fuel Y. What could X and Y be?
[Table_1]
591
577
599
What is the main constituent of natural gas?
521
551
549
Which statement describes the members of a homologous series?
511
567
517
The structures of two compounds are shown.
Which statements about these compounds are correct?
1. They have the same molecular formula.
2. They have similar chemical properties.
3. They are structural isomers.
558
512
524
Some reactions of substance Q are shown.
What is P?
563
566
591
Proteins and starch are natural polymers.
Which row identifies the method of polymerisation of proteins and starch?
[Table_1]
582
577
515
The diagram shows the partial structure of Terylene.
From which pair of compounds is it made?
590
557
546
