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The diagram shows a sugar lump in a cup of tea.
Which two processes must happen to spread the sugar evenly in the tea?
520
508
511
The results of some tests on a colourless liquid X are shown.
• Boiling point = 102 °C
• Universal Indicator turns green
What is X?
585
566
550
The atomic structures of four particles are shown.
[Table_1]
Which two particles are isotopes?
579
529
532
Q+ is an ion of element Q.
What has the highest value in the ion?
599
578
531
Which statements comparing the properties of electrons, neutrons and protons are correct?
[Table_1]
577
512
575
Graphite is a form of carbon.
Why can graphite be used as a lubricant?
585
551
517
In which compounds are pairs of electrons shared between atoms?
1. methane
2. lead bromide
3. sodium chloride
568
508
513
A molecule, Z, contains two atoms of oxygen, six atoms of hydrogen and three atoms of carbon. What is the formula of Z?
578
503
579
Copper and hydrogen can each be formed by electrolysis.
At which electrodes are these elements formed?
[Table_1]
588
556
545
The diagram shows the electroplating of a steel object.
A student made the following statements.
1. The object turns a reddish-brown colour.
2. The copper sulfate solution changes to a paler blue colour.
3. The copper electrode becomes smaller.
Which statements are correct?
588
521
519
The elements hydrogen and uranium are used as fuels.
The compound ethanol is also used as a fuel.
Which fuels require oxygen in order to produce heat energy?
[Table_1]
550
568
556
In which equation does the oxidation of the underlined compound occur?
562
531
595
When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the solid changes to blue.
$\text{CoCl}_2\cdot 6\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons \text{CoCl}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O}$
What happens when water is added to the blue solid?
[Table_1]
526
566
532
A simple way of making bread includes
1 Mixing flour with a small amount of yeast and some water to make a 'dough'.
2 Leaving the dough in a warm place for the yeast to act on the dough to form carbon dioxide which increases the volume of the dough.
Which factors affecting a reaction rate are involved in bread making?
[Table with temperature and use of an enzyme]
547
565
528
Hydrochloric acid is used to clean metals. The acid reacts with the oxide layer on the surface of the metal, forming a salt and water. Which word describes the metal oxide?
513
543
560
Which method is used to make the salt copper sulfate?
549
570
556
Two tests are carried out to identify an aqueous solution of X.
test 1 Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added and a blue precipitate is produced.
test 2 Dilute nitric acid is added followed by aqueous silver nitrate and a white precipitate is produced.
What is X?
566
539
507
The positions of four elements in the Periodic Table are shown. Which element does not form a compound with chlorine?
522
591
589
Which properties of the element titanium, Ti, can be predicted from its position in the Periodic Table?
[Table_1]
539
515
569
The table shows some properties of the Group I metals.
[Table_1]
What are the properties of rubidium?
581
586
518
In the outline of the Periodic Table below, some elements are shown as numbers.
Which two numbers are \textbf{metals} in the same period?
571
551
545
Which row describes the conditions used to make steel from the iron produced by a blast furnace?
[Table_1]
520
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575
Samples of five different metals, E, F, G, H and J were reacted with dilute sulfuric acid using the apparatus shown.
The volume of hydrogen gas collected after one minute was measured.
The results are shown on the bar chart.
What is the order of reactivity of the metals (most reactive first)?
532
550
584
The diagram shows stages in producing drinking water.
In which tank is chlorine added to the water?
517
523
538
Which gas is not present in a sample of clean air?
570
573
523
Which combination of chemical compounds could be used to produce the fertiliser shown?
536
594
529
Carbon monoxide is given out from the exhaust of vehicles that burn fossil fuels. Which row shows why carbon monoxide is a pollutant? [Table_1]
508
578
590
A steel bicycle which had been left outdoors for several months was starting to rust.
What would not reduce the rate of corrosion?
517
535
578
Carbon dioxide and methane are ‘greenhouse gases’ which contribute to global warming.
Which process does not increase global warming?
531
549
542
A zinc compound forms carbon dioxide in two different reactions.
1. It is heated strongly.
2. It is added to hydrochloric acid.
Which type of reaction occurs in 1 and 2?
523
509
528
Substance X is used to treat industrial waste.
What is X and which type of reaction occurs during the treatment?
578
572
530
An organic compound has the molecular structure shown.
Which type of organic compound is this?
545
516
582
Which statement about petroleum is not correct?
550
570
587
The structures of four different organic compounds are shown:
How many different homologous series are represented by these compounds?
546
579
555
The structure of a compound, Y, is shown.
Which row describes some of the physical properties of Y?
[Table_1]
525
598
506
A hydrocarbon A is cracked to make B and hydrogen.
Compound C is formed by the addition polymerisation of B.
To which homologous series do A, B and C belong?
[Table_1]
529
515
516
Which row correctly describes the production of ethanol and its properties? [Table_1]
596
557
515
