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Which characteristic do all living organisms show?
The diagram shows some animal cells, as seen under the microscope. What will be present at X?
Which structures are present in large numbers in cells with high rates of metabolism?
The diagram shows a section through a root.
What are the levels of organisation of the labelled structures?
Which characteristics are correct for both osmosis and diffusion? [Table_1]
The bases on one of the strands of a DNA molecule have the sequence shown. A-A-T-C-T-G
What is the corresponding sequence of bases on the other strand?
Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?
Four test-tubes are set up as shown. Which test-tube contains the most carbon dioxide after one hour?
The diagrams show the structure of four different cells from the leaf of a dicotyledonous plant.
Which cell is a guard cell?
Which mineral ion is absorbed by plant roots and used in the production of all amino acids?
Which is the equation for photosynthesis?
Statements 1–4 describe stages in the development of cholera.
1. Chloride ions are secreted in the gut.
2. Osmosis causes water to move into the gut.
3. The infected person becomes dehydrated.
4. Toxins are produced by the pathogenic bacteria.
What is the correct sequence of the four stages?
The diagram shows a person's teeth. Some of their teeth are missing.
What would the person find difficult?
The graph shows the effect of pH on the activity of three different enzymes.
The table shows the pH of different parts of the alimentary canal.
[Table_1]
Which enzymes in the graph are likely to be protease enzymes?
The diagram shows a villus. Structures P and Q absorb different products of digestion.
Which row identifies the products absorbed by P and Q?
The diagram shows a leaf attached to the stem of a plant. What do the arrows at X represent?
Which row shows what is carried, and in which direction, by the pulmonary vein? [Table_1]
Which component of the blood produces antibodies?
Which statement about antibodies is correct?
Which row shows the correct combination of muscle contractions and the pressure in the thorax when breathing out?
[Table_1]
Which is not involved in removing the oxygen debt after a human has been exercising?
A longitudinal section of the kidney and some associated structures have been labelled. Which labelling is correct?
The diagram shows a synapse. What do the dots at X represent?
Which is the light sensitive part of the eye?
What is meant by the term *phototropism*?
Which row shows the effects of excessive alcohol consumption?
[Table_1]
Dianthus flowers can be one of three different colours: red, pink or white.
A red flower is always homozygous and a white flower is always homozygous. Pink flowers are heterozygous.
If a red and a white flower are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will be pink?
The diagram shows the ovary of a flower.
Which process is shown in the diagram?
What is a function of the placenta?
Some men do not produce healthy sperm cells. A couple may choose to use the sperm of another man, a donor, in order for the woman to get pregnant. Which procedure involves inserting sperm into the vagina of a woman from a donor?
Which blood component is destroyed in people who are HIV positive?
Four of the processes involved in the production of a protein are shown.
1. mRNA attaches to a ribosome.
2. mRNA moves to the cytoplasm.
3. The ribosome assembles amino acids into a protein molecule.
4. An mRNA copy of the gene is made.
In which sequence do these events normally occur?
Which statement about the sex chromosomes is correct?
Which row best describes human blood groups? [Table_1]
The diagram represents part of an aquatic food web.
Which organisms are primary consumers in this food web?
The diagram shows part of the water cycle.
What are processes S and T?
The graph shows the changes in the populations of predator and prey over a period of time. Which point on the graph shows a decrease in predator population?
Which is an example of genetic engineering?
Why is yeast used in breadmaking?
The graph shows the levels of dissolved oxygen and mineral ions in a river. At which point does raw sewage enter the river? [Graph of dissolved oxygen and mineral ion levels along a river shown with points A, B, C, D]