Cambridge IGCSE Physics - 0625 - Supplement Paper 4 2017 Winter Zone 2

Fig. 1.1 shows a cylinder made from copper of density $9000 \, \text{kg/m}^3$.

The volume of the cylinder is $75 \, \text{cm}^3$.
(a) Calculate the mass of the cylinder.
mass = .........................................................[2]
(b) The gravitational field strength is $10 \, \text{N/kg}$.
(i) Calculate the weight of the cylinder.
weight = ....................................................[2]
(ii) State \textbf{one} way in which weight differs from mass.
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
.................................................................................[1]
(c) Fig. 1.2 shows the cylinder immersed in a liquid.

The upper face of the cylinder is at a depth of $2.7 \, \text{cm}$ below the surface of the liquid.
The pressure due to the liquid at the upper face of the cylinder is $560 \, \text{Pa}$.
(i) Calculate the density of the liquid.
density = .......................................................[2]
(ii) Explain why the cylinder does \textbf{not} float in this liquid.
..................................................................................
.................................................................................[1]

(a) An object is moving in a straight line at constant speed. A resultant force begins to act upon the object.
State the ways in which the force may change the motion of the object.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) State one other effect a force could have on the object.
....................................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) The mass of a car is 1400 kg. The car, initially at rest, is moved along a level road by a resultant force of 3500 N. The car reaches a speed of 30 m/s.

(i) Calculate the average acceleration of the car.

acceleration = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) Calculate the time for which the force is applied.

time = ...........................................................[2]

(iii) State the name of a force which opposes the motion of the car.
....................................................................................................................................................[1]

(a) State the name of a fuel that is burnt to produce large amounts of electrical energy.

Describe a process by which electrical energy is obtained from the chemical energy stored in this fuel.

Name of fuel: ..................................................................................................................

Description of process: .................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................[4]

(b) Explain why the Sun is the source of the energy stored in the fuel in (a).
...............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Explain whether the process in (a) is renewable.
...............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]

A beaker contains water at room temperature. Fig. 4.1 shows the beaker placed on a tripod above a Bunsen burner.

The Bunsen burner is lit and the temperature of the water begins to increase.
(a) The water is evaporating.
(i) Describe one difference between evaporation and boiling.
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) State and explain what happens to the rate at which the water evaporates as its temperature increases.
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) After a few minutes, the water reaches its boiling point temperature. The water continues to gain energy from the Bunsen burner.
(i) State what happens to the temperature of the water in the beaker.
.............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is $2.3 imes 10^6$ J/kg. After the water reaches its boiling point, it takes 12 minutes for 0.095 kg of water to boil away.
Calculate the average rate at which energy is being supplied to the water by heating.
rate of energy supplied = ........................................................ [3]

(a) Explain why houses in hot countries are often painted white. Use ideas about the transfer of thermal energy in your answer.
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
................................................................................................... [3]
(b) As a star approaches the end of its life, the amount of radiation emitted from it per second changes.
The star cools down. State any effect on the rate of emission of radiation.
...................................................................................................
................................................................................................... [1]

Fig. 6.1 represents wavefronts of a water wave on the surface of water approaching a gap in a barrier.

(a) The wavefronts to the right of the barrier spread out as far as the dashed lines in Fig. 6.1.
(i) State the name of the process of spreading out. .............................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Draw four wavefronts to the right of the barrier. [2]
(b) (i) State the effect of increasing the width of the gap in the barrier. ...................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) State and explain the effect of decreasing the frequency of the water wave. ..........................................................................................[2]

(a) Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of a converging lens used to produce an image of an object. Each point marked F is a principal focus.

[Image_1: Fig. 7.1]

Write down three terms that describe the image produced.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) Fig. 7.2 shows a plane mirror, a point object O and an observer's eye.

[Image_2: Fig. 7.2]

(i) On Fig. 7.2, draw two rays from the object reflected to the observer’s eye. [2]

(ii) On Fig. 7.2, complete your drawing to determine the position of the image of the object O. Label this image I. [2]

Fig. 8.1 is a circuit diagram.

Calculate
(a) the resistance of the circuit,

resistance = ..................................................[4]

(b) the potential difference (p.d.) across the 8.0Ω resistor.

p.d. = ...................................................[2]

(a) Fig. 9.1 is a circuit diagram.
[Image_1: Circuit Diagram]
(i) State the names of circuit components A, B and C.
component A .............................................................
component B .............................................................
component C .............................................................
[2]
(ii) The circuit can be used to indicate a change in temperature.
State and explain what would be observed when the temperature changes from hot to cold.
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
[4]

(b) Fig. 9.2 shows a digital circuit.
[Image_2: Digital Circuit]
Complete column X of the truth table for this circuit. Use the blank column for your working.
| A | B | C | X |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | |
[3]

(a) Fig. 10.1 shows a wire that carries a current into the page. The circles on Fig. 10.1 show the pattern of the magnetic field around the wire. (i) On Fig. 10.1, draw an arrow on each circle to show the direction of the magnetic field. [1] (ii) State why the spacing of the circles increases as the distance from the wire increases. .................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Fig. 10.2 shows an electric door lock. The slot in the door contains an unmagnetised iron bolt attached to a spring. The slot in the door frame is empty. This slot is surrounded by the coils of a solenoid. In Fig. 10.2 the door is unlocked. The spring is not stretched. In Fig. 10.3 the door is locked. The spring is now stretched. The bolt is initially in the position shown in Fig. 10.2. Describe and explain what happens when (i) the switch S is closed, .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................[4] (ii) the switch S is reopened. .................................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................[2]

(a) Complete the nuclide equation that represents this decay.
$$ _{83}^{210} \text{Bi} \rightarrow \ldots \text{Po} + \ldots \beta $$ [3]

(b) A radiation detector is placed on a bench in a laboratory where there are no artificial sources of radiation. The detector is switched on.
In seven one-minute periods, the detector displays these readings.
24   22   25   25   21   20   24

(i) Explain why, in the absence of any artificial source, there are readings on the detector. Suggest one origin of this effect.
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) Explain why the readings obtained are not all the same.
................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) The half-life of bismuth-210 is 5.0 days.
A sample of bismuth-210 is brought close to the detector and in one minute, the reading displayed is 487. The equipment is left in the same place for exactly 10 days.
Predict the reading in a one-minute period at the end of this time.

reading = .............................................................[3]