Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Core Paper 3 2022 Summer Zone 3

The human circulatory system contains blood vessels.
(a) Fig. 1.1 shows some names of blood vessels and organs.
The boxes on the left show the names of some blood vessels that deliver blood to organs.
The boxes on the right show the names of some organs that receive blood.
Draw straight lines from each blood vessel to the organ that it delivers blood to.
Draw four straight lines.

[Image_1: Fig. 1.1]
blood vessel that delivers blood | organ receiving blood
-------------------------------------------------------
pulmonary artery | heart
pulmonary vein | kidney
renal artery | lungs
vena cava |

[4]

(b) Table 1.1 shows three types of blood vessel, the thickness of their walls and whether they contain valves.
Complete the descriptions of the blood vessels in Table 1.1.

[Table_1: Table 1.1]
| type of blood vessel | thickness of wall | presence of valves |
|---------------------|-------------------|--------------------|
| artery | thick | no |
| capillary | | |
| vein | | |

[4]

Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in plant cells.
(a) (i) State the word equation for photosynthesis.
..................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) State the type of energy required for photosynthesis.
..................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Fig. 2.1 is a diagram of a section through a leaf.

(i) On Fig. 2.1:
• label with a label line and the letter A the type of cell where most photosynthesis takes place.
• label with a label line and the letter B the type of cell which conducts water through the plant. [2]
(ii) State the name of the cell structure where photosynthesis happens.
..................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) A student investigated the rate of photosynthesis in a plant at different temperatures.
The results are shown in Table 2.1.
[Table_1]
temperature/°C | rate of photosynthesis /arbitrary units
20 | 42
25 | 61
30 | 77
35 | 92
40 | 45
(i) State the temperature at which the rate of photosynthesis is highest.
.............................................°C [1]
(ii) Calculate the percentage increase in the rate of photosynthesis from 20°C to 30°C.
Give your answer to three significant figures.
Space for working.
...................................................... % [3]

During puberty, the hormones oestrogen and testosterone are involved in the development of the secondary sexual characteristics.

(a) (i) State the name of the gland that produces each hormone.

oestrogen ..................................................................................................................

testosterone ..............................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Complete Table 3.1 by placing ticks (✓) in the boxes to show which hormones are involved in the development of each secondary sexual characteristic.

[Table 3.1]
[4]

(b) Fig. 3.1 is a diagram of the uterus during pregnancy.

Fig. 3.1
State the letter on Fig. 3.1 that identifies the structure which performs each of these functions.

• exchange of substances between the fetus and the mother ....................

• protects the fetus from mechanical shock ..................

• transfers blood between the fetus and the placenta ..................
[3]

(c) Outline the processes involved in labour and birth.
...............................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
[4]

(d) The birthweights of 75 rats were measured and recorded within different birthweight ranges.
The number of rats in each birthweight range is recorded in Table 3.2.

[Table 3.2]

(i) State the most common birthweight range in Table 3.2.
................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) State the number of rats that are heavier than 6.9 g at birth in Table 3.2.
................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(iii) State the type of variation shown by the data in Table 3.2.
................................................................................................................................................
[1]

Sewage treatment reduces water pollution.

(a) (i) State the names of two of the stages of sewage treatment.

1 ..................................................................................................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Raw sewage is a major source of water pollution.

State the name of one other source of water pollution.

...................................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(b) Urea is found in sewage. Urea is made in the human body and excreted in urine.

(i) State the name of the biological molecules that are broken down to make urea.

.................................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) State the name of the organ that produces urea.

.................................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(c) Raw sewage can be produced by intensive livestock farming.

State two other negative impacts of intensive livestock farming.

1 ..................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(a) Complete the sentences about the features of the human gas exchange system.

Gas exchange surfaces have a ..................................................... surface area.

The distance across the gas exchange surfaces is very ...................................................... .

The gas exchange system has a ..................................................... blood supply and good ..................................................... with air. [4]

(b) Fig. shows part of the gas exchange system in the lungs of a human.

(i) State the name of structure W in the given figure. [1]

(ii) State the letter in Figure that shows where the concentration of:

• carbon dioxide in the blood is highest ..........................

• oxygen in the blood is highest ....................................... [2]

(iii) State the name of the process where molecules move down a concentration gradient. [1]

(a) Scientists surveyed a group of adults. Some of the adults had chronic bronchitis, which is a lung disease. The adults were asked their age and whether they smoked tobacco. The results of the study are shown in Fig. 6.1.



Describe the data shown in Fig. 6.1.
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) (i) State two diseases other than chronic bronchitis that tobacco smoking can cause.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) List three major toxic components of tobacco smoke.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................................
3 ..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]

One type of nuclear division produces genetically identical cells.

(a) State the name and one role of the type of nuclear division that produces genetically identical cells.

name ..................................................................................................................................................

role ....................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Fig. 7.1 shows the mass of DNA in a cell undergoing this type of cell division. Two cell divisions complete in this time.



Using the information in Fig. 7.1, calculate how long it takes for the DNA to double in mass.
....................................................... hours [1]

(c) Gametes are involved in sexual reproduction.

Fig. 7.2 is a diagram of human gametes.



(i) State the names of structures A, B, C, D and E shown in Fig. 7.2.

A .......................................................................................................................................................

B .......................................................................................................................................................

C .......................................................................................................................................................

D .......................................................................................................................................................

E .......................................................................................................................................................
[5]

(ii) Suggest a type of biological molecule that could be used as an energy store in an egg cell.
.......................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(a) Complete the description of the immune system, using the words from the list.

Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. 

antibodies     antigens     biological    block      chemical     engulf     hairs     mechanical      nails          vaccines

The body has defences to protect against infectious diseases. 

Skin and ................................................. in the nose are ................................................. barriers. 

Some types of blood cell are involved in defending the body against infectious diseases. 

Some blood cells can produce ................................................. which can kill the pathogen. 

Other cells can ................................................. the pathogen in a process called phagocytosis. [4]

(b) Describe actions that can be taken by individuals in their homes to reduce the spread of disease. [3]

(a) Define the term sense organ.
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Fig. 9.1 is a diagram of a section of a human eye.
[Image_1: Diagram of a human eye labeled with A, B, C, D, E]

State the letter of the structure shown on Fig. 9.1 that:

• focuses light on the light receptors ......................
• refracts light ......................
• controls how much light enters the pupil ......................
• carries impulses to the brain ...................... [4]

(c) Fig. 9.2 is a diagram of an eye in a dark room and in a light room.
[Image_2: Diagram of an eye in dark and light room]

Draw the expected size of the pupil on the eye in the light room in Fig. 9.2. [1]