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All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.
What is the name of this characteristic?
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Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?
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The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.
Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?
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537
Which level of organisation is shown by the heart of a mammal?
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Female moths release chemicals into the air. Male moths detect these chemicals and fly towards the females.
How do the chemicals spread through the air?
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The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf. Which part is partially permeable?
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What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?
[Table_1]
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DNA is made up of ....1.... strands coiled together. The strands contain chemicals called ....2.... . These chemicals form ....3.... , A pairing with T and C pairing with G.
Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
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What is the correct definition of an enzyme?
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Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?
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The graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different carbon dioxide concentrations.
What could be the limiting factor of photosynthesis at X on the graph?
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The list shows features of a plant leaf.
1. air spaces between spongy mesophyll cells
2. chloroplasts in mesophyll cells
3. contains a natural insecticide
4. xylem vessels close to mesophyll cells
Which features are adaptations for photosynthesis?
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Which nutrient is required to prevent scurvy?
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Which diagram represents the action of lipase?
[Image_1 depicting various diagrams with a key: enzyme, substance 1, substance 2, substance 3]
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The image shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.
Which labelled structure is the xylem?
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The diagram shows a cross-section of a root.
Three regions of the root are numbered.
Which regions contain cells through which water must pass to reach the xylem?
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In a double circulation, what is the role of the right side of the heart?
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The photomicrograph shows some human blood cells.
What is the name of cell X and what is its function?
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Three statements about immune responses are listed.
1. Antigens trigger an immune response which produces antibodies.
2. Memory cells are produced.
3. Antibodies are acquired from another individual.
Which statements are correct when describing active immunity?
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Which row shows the action of muscles during inspiration?
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Carbon dioxide is produced by aerobic respiration.
How many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced from the aerobic respiration of three molecules of glucose?
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Which statements describe how an oxygen debt is removed after vigorous exercise?
1. Lactic acid is transported to the liver.
2. Lactic acid is respired aerobically.
3. Heart rate stays high to remove lactic acid from the muscles.
516
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511
Which statement about urea is correct?
517
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538
The diagram shows the junction between two neurones. What is labelled at X?
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The diagram shows the density of rods and cones across a section of the retina.
What is the position of the fovea?
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What is the synthetic plant hormone 2,4-D used for?
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Which statement about asexual reproduction would be a disadvantage for a farmer growing crop plants?
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The diagram shows an abnormal sperm cell.
Why would the abnormal sperm cell be unable to fertilise an egg?
532
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One type of contraceptive pill contains progesterone and oestrogen. Some effects of the pill are listed.
1 inhibit FSH production
2 inhibit LH production
3 inhibit thickening of the uterus wall
Which prevent the development and the release of an egg cell?
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Some fruit flies have orange eyes and others have red eyes.
If two orange-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring always have orange eyes.
If two red-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring can have orange eyes or red eyes.
What can be concluded from these observations?
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The diagram shows a section of a flower that has been cross-pollinated.
Which statements about this flower are correct?
1. The pollen produced by this flower will be genetically different from the pollen on the stigma.
2. The pollen was carried to the stigma by wind.
3. This flower is insect-pollinated because the stigma is enclosed by the petals.
4. The pollen was produced by another flower on the same plant.
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A woman with normal colour vision is a carrier for the colour blindness allele ($X^B X^b$). She has a male child with a man who has normal colour vision ($X^B Y$).
What is the chance of the male child being colour-blind?
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Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial. What could be the reason for this?
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Which statement about selective breeding is correct?
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What is the name of an organism that obtains its energy from dead organic material?
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A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.
Which group of organisms is an example of a population?
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With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?
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539
Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?
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What is a reason for conserving plant species?
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The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.
If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?
580
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