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1. (a) Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of the digestive system.
(i) State the letter from Fig. 1.1 that represents:
- where salivary amylase is produced
- where insulin is produced
- the liver
- where protease acts.
[4]
(ii) State one function of the hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
[1]
(b) Amylase is an enzyme.
(i) Describe the function of amylase.
[2]
(ii) Define the term enzyme.
[2]
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583
500
2. A student investigated photosynthesis in a variegated leaf.
A variegated leaf has a green part that contains a green pigment and a white part that does not contain the green pigment. Fig. 2.1 is a photograph of some variegated leaves.
(a) State where the green pigment is found in a plant cell.
[1]
(b) A student investigated a variegated leaf from a plant that had been kept in the light for 24 hours. The student prepared the leaf by boiling it and then placing it in ethanol to remove the green pigment. The student then tested the leaf with iodine solution. Table 2.1 shows the results. [Table_1]
Explain the results shown in Table 2.1 for the white part of the leaf.
[3]
(c) This investigation was repeated with a plant that was kept for 24 hours in an environment where all the carbon dioxide was removed.
Complete Table 2.2 to predict the results. [Table_2]
[2]
(d) (i) The boxes on the left show the names of some substances that are made in plants. The boxes on the right show uses of these substances in plants. Draw lines to link each substance with its correct use in plants. Draw three lines.
[3]
(ii) List the chemical elements contained in carbohydrates.
[1]
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546
508
3. (a) Fig. 3.1 is a diagram of a cross-section of a human heart.
(i) Draw an X on Fig. 3.1 to identify the position of the left atrium.
[1]
(ii) On Fig. 3.1, label with a label line and the correct name a structure that ensures the one-way flow of blood.
[2]
(iii) State two letters that identify arteries in Fig. 3.1.
[1]
(iv) State the name of the part that separates the left and right sides of the heart.
[1]
(v) State the name of the main tissue the wall of the heart is made from.
[1]
(b) In one country, the percentages of males and females with coronary heart disease (CHD) in different age groups were recorded. Fig. 3.2 shows these data.
(i) Using the information in Fig. 3.2, describe the similarities and differences between the percentages of males and females with CHD.
[3]
(ii) State three risk factors for CHD not identified in Fig. 3.2.
[3]
590
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595
4. (a) Fig. 4.1 shows a marine food web.
(i) Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show the correct descriptions for the organisms shown in Fig. 4.1.
[3]
(ii) Construct one food chain from Fig. 4.1 that contains four organisms including the octopus.
[2]
(iii) Identify one organism in Fig. 4.1 that feeds at the second and third trophic levels.
[1]
(b) State the name of the type of organism that gets its energy from dead organic material.
[1]
(c) State the principal source of energy in most biological systems.
[1]
(d) Outline ways humans can directly impact food webs.
[3]
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574
544
5. (a) Antibiotics are a type of drug. The box on the left contains the beginning of a sentence. The boxes on the right show some sentence endings. Draw lines to link the phrase 'Antibiotic drugs' on the left to three boxes on the right to make three correct sentences.
[3]
(b) Fig. 5.1 shows the number of antibiotic doses given per 1000 people per day in six different countries.
(i) Calculate the difference in the number of antibiotic doses given per 1000 people per day between country A and country F in Fig. 5.1.
[2]
(ii) Using the information in Fig. 5.1, state the two countries that gave the same number of antibiotic doses per 1000 people per day.
[1]
570
565
579
6. (a) Fig. 6.1 is a diagram showing the pathway of water into a plant. The arrows show the direction of water movement.
(i) State the name of the cell labelled A in Fig. 6.1.
[1]
(ii) State the name of cell B and describe how it is adapted for absorption of water.
[2]
(iii) State the name of the process by which cell B absorbs water.
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(b) State two uses of water in plants.
[2]
(c) State two environmental factors that will affect the rate of water loss from a plant.
[2]
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554
583
7. (a) Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of the female reproductive system in humans.
Table 7.1 shows the name, letter and function of some of the parts in Fig. 7.1. Complete Table 7.1. [Table_3]
[5]
(b) This list shows some specialised animal and plant cells. ciliated cell guard cell neurone palisade mesophyll cell red blood cell white blood cell Choose words from the list to state the names of:
- two specialised plant cells
- the cell that transports oxygen
- the cell found in the trachea that moves mucus.
[4]
(c) State how new cells are produced.
[1]
(d) Fig. 7.2 is a drawing of another specialised cell.
(i) Label three cell structures in Fig. 7.2 with label lines and the correct names.
[3]
(ii) State the name of the cell shown in Fig. 7.2.
[1]
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536
504
8. (a) All living organisms can be classified into groups by the features they share.
(i) Complete the sentences about classifying organisms.
A species is a group of organisms that reproduce to produce ... offspring.
All species are named using an internationally agreed system called the ... system.
Fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians are vertebrate groups. The other vertebrate group is ... . All vertebrates belong to the ... kingdom.
One feature that is used to identify vertebrates is a ... .
[5]
(ii) Draw a circle around the characteristic shared by all living organisms.
[1]
(b) Scientists measured the length of a sample of one species of fish. Fig. 8.1 shows where the scientists took their measurements to determine the length of each fish.
Table 8.1 shows the results. [Table_4]
(i) Use the information in Table 8.1 to calculate the total number of fish the scientists measured.
[1]
(ii) State the most frequent length shown in Table 8.1.
[1]
(iii) State the type of variation shown by the data in Table 8.1.
[1]
(c) Place a tick (✓) in the box that shows the meaning of variation.
[1]
533
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522
