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The sundew is a carnivorous plant that can trap small insects with sticky hairs and then digest them. When an insect gets stuck, other nearby sticky hairs bend over to trap the insect.
Which characteristics of living organisms are demonstrated when the sundew traps insects?
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548
Systems of classification show which organisms share more recent ancestors.
What is the most accurate system of classification?
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568
524
Which part of a plant cell controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?
541
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526
The diagram shows part of a leaf in cross-section.
Structures X and Y are both part of the same
534
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585
How do carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of a mesophyll cell?
513
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Four freshly cut potato cylinders were soaked for one hour in different salt solutions before being pinned to cork blocks. Two of the blocks are shown.
Which solution would cause the potato cylinder to be most flaccid?
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The data show the concentrations of sugar and starch in an onion.
[Table_1]
The onion is tested with Benedict’s solution and iodine solution.
Which set of results is correct?
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555
Which statement about the structure of DNA is correct?
528
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589
The apparatus shown is used for an experiment on starch digestion.
Which test-tube contains the most sugar after 20 minutes?
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A student wrote some notes about enzymes. She wrote:
'The ......1...... of the enzyme is ......2...... to an area on the substrate. This area on the substrate can fit into it to form an ......3...... complex’.
Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
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An experiment was carried out using the apparatus shown.
The carbon dioxide content of the water in each test-tube was measured at the start and again three hours later.
In which test-tube would there be a decrease in carbon dioxide content?
567
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The diagram shows a plant cell.
Which type of cell is shown?
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The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal. Which structure produces lipase?
523
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The photomicrograph shows a cross-section through a buttercup root.
What is the function of the tissue labelled Z?
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Roots and leaves both act as a source and a sink for sucrose and amino acids at different times during the year.
At which point in the year are the roots most active as a source?
598
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The diagram shows a circulatory system.
Which vessels carry oxygenated blood?
524
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What happens to the heart valves when the ventricles contract?
534
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The diagram with the structure labelled X shows a bacterium with proteins on its surface.
The diagram labelled Y shows proteins made by the human body.
Which row shows the correct combination for destroying the bacterium?
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527
The graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of a person at rest, over a period of 30 seconds.
Which graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of the same person immediately after they have done five minutes of vigorous exercise?
553
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531
What is produced by anaerobic respiration in mammals?
558
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563
Which row describes the functions of the bladder, kidneys and liver?
[Table_1]
587
502
561
The diagram shows the structure of the eye.
Which structure refracts light?
510
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516
A student used two seedlings X and Y to investigate phototropism. The diagram shows their investigation.
Which statement explains the difference in results between X and Y?
538
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500
The diagram shows part of the mechanism that controls blood sugar concentration.
A person does one hour of exercise.
Starting with the pancreas, what is the sequence of events in which the hormone glucagon is involved?
539
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The graph shows the number of cases of MRSA in one country between 2001 and 2006.
Between which years was the greatest change in the number of cases of MRSA seen?
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Which row describes sexual reproduction? [Table_1]
525
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569
Which statement describes human male gametes?
503
578
556
Which organ secretes the most progesterone during pregnancy?
554
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517
The diagram shows the formation of new diploid cells.
What do arrows X and Y represent?
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A man marries a woman who has a different blood group from him. They have two children. The children have different blood groups from each other and different blood groups from their parents.
What are the genotypes of the parent's blood groups?
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Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetic disease that is caused by the allele $Hb^S$.
$Hb^A$ is the normal allele.
A woman does not have the symptoms of the disease but her brother does show symptoms.
If her mother and father do not have symptoms, which statement is correct?
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504
Over the last 30 years some antibiotics have become less effective in treating bacterial infection.
What is the reason for this?
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The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.
Which row correctly identifies the bacteria involved in processes W, X, Y and Z?
597
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The graph shows a bacteria population curve.
In which phase on the graph is the number of bacteria dying equal to the number dividing?
531
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Bacteria are used in genetic engineering and biotechnology.
Bacteria are used because of the presence of which cell structure?
517
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582
What is an example of genetic engineering?
583
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What is least likely to result from deforestation?
597
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573
Pieces of plastic between 1\,\mu m and 1\,mm in size are called microplastics. Microplastics are put into some face creams and are produced during clothing manufacture. They can now be found in increasing quantities in oceans all over the world.
As well as their small size, which other property of microplastics make them dangerous to living organisms?
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