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A length of cotton is measured between two points on a ruler. When the length of cotton is wound closely around a pen, it goes round six times. What is the distance once round the pen?
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A car is moving along a straight, level road, with a constant acceleration. Which graph shows the motion of the car?
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A car takes 15 minutes to travel along a road that is 20 km long.
What is the average speed of the car?
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Diagram 1 shows a beam balance. A beaker with a wire loop balances the standard masses. The beaker is then removed and hung from a spring. The spring extends by 5.0 cm, as in diagram 2.
The experiment is repeated with the same apparatus on the Moon, where the acceleration of free fall is less than on Earth.
Which statement describes what happens on the Moon?
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An empty beaker is placed on a top-pan balance. Some water is now poured into the beaker. What is the weight of the water?
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Three liquids P, Q and R have different densities and do not mix. The liquids are placed in a measuring cylinder and allowed to settle. A small block is then dropped into the measuring cylinder and comes to rest, as shown.
Which statement about the density of the block is correct?
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The diagram shows some liquid in a measuring cylinder.
The mass of the liquid is 16g.
What is the density of the liquid?
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A car is moving in a straight line on a level road. Its engine provides a forward force on the car. A second force of equal size acts on the car due to resistive forces.
Which statement describes what happens?
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A hole is drilled in a square tile. The diagram shows the tile hanging freely on a nail.
Where is the centre of mass of the tile?
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The diagram shows the energy transferred in a lamp in one second.
Which type of wasted energy is produced by the lamp?
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A student does work by pulling a box across a horizontal floor.
She now pulls a second box along the same floor.
Which row indicates that the student is now doing twice as much work?
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Four identical beakers are filled with equal volumes of liquids P or Q, as shown. Liquid P is more dense than liquid Q.
At which point is the pressure the least?
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A woman has a weight of 600 N. She stands on a horizontal floor. The area of her feet in contact with the floor is 0.050 m$^2$.
What is the pressure she exerts on the floor?
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On a warm day, a carton of fresh milk is covered with a wet cloth.
Why does this help to reduce the temperature of the milk?
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Air is trapped in a cylinder by a piston.
The piston is pushed inwards and the volume of the air is reduced.
The temperature of the trapped air remains constant.
Which row describes how the average speed of the air molecules and the average distance between them changes?
[Table_1]
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A wooden wheel can be strengthened by putting a tight circle of iron around it.
Which action would make it easier to fit the circle over the wood?
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A student wishes to calibrate a mercury-in-glass thermometer with a °C scale.
Which values should she use for the lower fixed point and for the upper fixed point?
[Table_1]
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Which row gives the correct name for each change of state shown?
[Table_1]
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On a cold day, a metal front-door knob X and a similar plastic knob Y are at the same temperature.
Why does X feel cooler to the touch than Y?
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A liquid is heated and it expands.
How does this lead to the formation of a convection current?
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Which arrow on the graph shows the amplitude of the wave?
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In which situation is the wavelength of the wave changed?
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Scout P signals to scout Q on the other side of a valley by using a mirror to reflect the Sun's light.
Which mirror position allows the Sun's light to be reflected to scout Q?
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The diagram shows the electromagnetic spectrum. The numbers indicate the approximate wavelength at the boundaries between the various regions of the spectrum.
For a device to be able to make use of electromagnetic radiation, it needs an aerial of approximately the same size as the radiation it is designed to work with.
Which statement is correct?
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A dolphin has a range of audible frequencies of $150\,\text{Hz}$ to $150\,\text{kHz}$.
Which range of frequencies can be heard both by humans with good hearing and by dolphins?
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A permanent magnet is placed close to a bar of soft iron.
What are the polarities of end P and of end Q?
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Which metal is used for the core of an electromagnet?
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The diagram shows a cell connected to three resistors $R_1$, $R_2$ and $R_3$.
A student connects an ammeter first in position 1, then in position 2, 3 and 4 in turn.
In which positions does the ammeter show the current in $R_1$?
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A plastic rod is rubbed with a cloth. The rod becomes positively charged.
What happens to the plastic rod and what is the charge on the cloth?
[Table_1]
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A student measures the potential difference across a device and the current in the device. Which calculation gives the resistance of the device?
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The diagram shows three identical resistors, three ammeters and a battery, connected in a circuit.
What is the order of the magnitudes of the readings on the ammeters from smallest to largest?
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A student sets up this circuit.
What is the purpose of the circuit?
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The diagram shows two voltmeters P and Q connected to a potential divider.
[Diagram showing voltmeters P and Q connected to a potential divider]
The sliding connection at point X is moved towards the top of the diagram.
What happens to the reading on P and to the reading on Q?
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Which statement about electromagnetic induction is correct?
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An electrical device changes the voltage of an electrical supply from 240V a.c. to 20V a.c.
What is this device?
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In the atomic model, an atom consists of a central mass, orbited by much smaller particles. What is the name of the central mass and of the orbiting particles?
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A neutral atom of argon-40 ($^{40}_{18}A$) and a neutral atom of potassium-39 ($^{39}_{19}K$) are compared.
Which atom has more electrons, and which atom has more protons?
[Table_1]
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Which statement about $\alpha$-particles and $\beta$-particles is correct?
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An explosion in a nuclear reactor spread the isotope caesium-137 across a large area.
Ninety years after the explosion, the quantity of caesium-137 present will be 12.5% of its original level.
What is the half-life of caesium-137?
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