Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Core Paper 3 2020 Summer Zone 1

(a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the structures involved in excretion.



Complete Fig. 1.1 by labelling the structures in the spaces provided.
Choose structures from the list:

bladder bronchus heart liver lung pancreas trachea ureter urethra [5]

(b) Urea is excreted.

(i) State the name of the substance that urea is made from.
............................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State where in the body urea is made.
............................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Urine produced by the kidneys contains three excretory substances: urea, water and mineral salts.

Table 1.1 shows the average mass of urea, water and mineral salts in 100 g of blood plasma and in 100 g of urine.

[Table_1]

Calculate the percentage increase in the average mass of mineral salts between blood plasma and urine.
Give your answer to two decimal places.
Space for working.
............................................................... % [3]

(d) Describe the process that produces the carbon dioxide that is excreted by the lungs.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. [2]

(e) State the name of the component of blood that transports carbon dioxide to the lungs.
................................................................................................................................. [1]

Fig. 2.1 shows an image of two sperm cells.

(a) State two adaptive features of sperm.
1 ..................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................ [2]
(b) Describe the process of fertilisation.
........................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................ [2]
(c) Fig. 2.2 shows a fetus during development.

Complete Table 2.1 by stating:
• the missing letters from Fig. 2.2
• the missing name of the structure
• one function for structures C, A and F during pregnancy or birth.
[Table_1]
Table 2.1
| letter on Fig. 2.2 | name of the structure | one function |
|------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------------|
| C | amniotic fluid | |
| | | dilates during birth |
| A | placenta | |
| F | umbilical cord | |
| | uterus wall | contracts during birth |
[6]

Complete the sentences about genetic engineering.
Use words from the list.
Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

adding bacteria crops family insects minerals organism removing viruses vitamin weeds

In genetic engineering the genetic material of an ................................................. is changed by ................................................. , changing or inserting individual genes.

An example of this is inserting a human gene into ................................................. so that they produce human insulin.

Crop plants have genes inserted into them to make them resistant to herbicides.
Herbicides kill ................................................. .

Crop plants can also be genetically engineered by inserting a gene so that they produce a ................................................. which is a nutrient needed by humans in very small amounts.

Fig. 4.1 shows a photomicrograph of a cross-section of part of a leaf.

[Image]

(a) (i) Identify tissue A on Fig. 4.1 and state the name and function of this tissue.
name ........................................................
function ........................................................
[2]

(ii) Structure C in Fig. 4.1 is part of the transport system in the leaf.
State the names of two tissues that structure C contains.
1 ........................................................
2 ........................................................
[2]

(iii) Identify and state the name of cell B in Fig. 4.1.
........................................................
[1]

(b) A plant is in bright sunlight and has plenty of water.
Gases move into and out of its leaves.
Complete Table 4.1 to show the net direction of movement for the named gases.
Place a tick (✓) in each correct box.

[Table]
[3]

(a) Fig. 5.1 shows the average number of cigarettes smoked per day by male and female smokers between 1974 and 2014 in one country. Cigarettes contain tobacco.

!(image-url)

Fig. 5.1

(i) State the average number of cigarettes smoked per day by female smokers in 1982.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State a year in which male smokers smoked an average of 19 cigarettes per day.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State two conclusions that can be made from the data shown in Fig. 5.1.

1 ....................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Tar is a toxic component of tobacco smoke.

(i) State two effects of tar on the gas exchange system.

1 .....................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

2 ......................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) State the names of two toxic components of tobacco smoke other than tar.

1 ..........................................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Describe one effect on the fetus of the mother smoking tobacco during pregnancy.

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[1]

Fig. 6.1 shows images of cells from two different organ systems.



(a) State the names of the cells shown in Fig. 6.1.

cell A ..........................................................................................................................
cell B ..........................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Complete the definition of the term tissue by inserting the missing words.
A tissue is a group of cells with similar ....................................... working together to perform a shared ....................................... .
[2]

(c) State the names of the organ systems these organs belong to.
brain ..........................................................................................................................
stamen .........................................................................................................................
ovary ..........................................................................................................................
[3]

(a) Fig. 7.1 shows a tropical forest where the trees have been cut down.
[Image_1: Fig 7.1]
(i) State the name of the type of habitat destruction shown in Fig. 7.1.
................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Describe two reasons why humans destroy habitats such as tropical forests.
1 .............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Fig. 7.2 is a graph showing the estimated area of trees that have been removed from tropical forests between 2001 and 2017.
[Image_2: Fig 7.2]
(i) State the year which had the lowest estimated area of trees removed from tropical forests on Fig. 7.2.
.......................................................... [1]
(ii) State the area of trees removed in 2012 on Fig. 7.2.
...................................................... km$^2$ [1]
(iii) A student made three statements about the data in Fig. 7.2:
1 The number of trees cut down increases every year.
2 The number of trees cut down in 2014 was three times more than the number of trees cut down in 2003.
3 Fewer trees were cut down in 2017 than in 2016.
Complete Table 7.1 by using the data in Fig. 7.2 to decide if each statement is true or false and state the evidence that supports your decision.
[Table_1: Table 7.1]
[3]
(c) Fig. 7.3 shows pollution in a marine environment and Fig. 7.4 shows pollution in a land environment.
[Image_3: Fig 7.3] [Image_4: Fig 7.4]
State the name of one source of pollution for each of the environments shown in Fig. 7.3 and Fig. 7.4.
marine .........................................................................................................................
land .......................................................................................................................... [2]

(a) Fig. 8.1 is a diagram of a section of human skin.

State the names of the structures identified by the labels in Fig. 8.1.
C .................................................................................................................
D .................................................................................................................
E .................................................................................................................
F .................................................................................................................
G .................................................................................................................

(b) Complete the sentences about temperature control in humans by writing the missing words in the gaps.
If body temperature increases above normal, .................................................... in the .................................................... detect the rise in temperature and impulses are sent to the skin.
Glands in the skin produce a liquid called .................................................... . The main component of this liquid is water.
The water in the liquid .................................................... from the surface of the skin using heat energy from the body. This lowers the body temperature.
The maintenance of a constant body temperature is an example of .................................................... .

The eye is an example of a sense organ.

(a) Define the term sense organ. [2]

(b) Fig. 9.1 shows a section through the eye.

(i) State the name of structure X in Fig. 9.1. [1]

(ii) List three parts of the eye that light passes through to reach structure X. [3]

(iii) Label the optic nerve on Fig. 9.1 by drawing a label line and the letter N. [1]

(iv) State the function of the optic nerve. [1]