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‘The movement of a substance very slowly from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.’
Which process is being described?
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What happens to the average speed of gas particles when pressure and temperature are increased?
[Table_1]
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Which piece of apparatus can only measure a single fixed volume?
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In the chromatography experiment shown, which label represents the solvent front?
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Which substances can be separated by filtration?
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An atom of element R contains 15 protons, 16 neutrons and 15 electrons. What is R?
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Which row describes the properties of potassium iodide, KI?
[Table_1]
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Which diagram represents a mixture of compounds?
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Rubidium is in Group I of the Periodic Table and bromine is in Group VII.
Rubidium reacts with bromine to form an ionic compound.
Which row shows the electron change taking place for rubidium and the correct formula of the rubidium ion?
[Table_1]
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Which statement explains why graphite is used as a lubricant?
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The equation for burning propane in air is shown.
$$\text{C}_3\text{H}_8(g) + x\text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 3\text{CO}_2(g) + y\text{H}_2\text{O}(g)$$
Which values of x and y balance the equation?
[Table]
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The relative atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5.
When calculating relative atomic mass, which particle is the mass of a chlorine atom compared to?
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Concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed using platinum electrodes.
What is the major product formed at each electrode?
[Table_1]
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Three substances are listed.
1. copper
2. dilute sulfuric acid
3. solid lead(II) bromide
Which substances conduct electricity?
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Sodium nitrate is added to water in a beaker and stirred until it dissolves.
At the end of the experiment, the beaker feels cold.
Which row describes the reaction?
[Table_1]
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Which substance does not require oxygen in order to produce energy?
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Which process involves a physical change?
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A sign displayed in a flour mill is shown.
Which statement explains why there is a danger of explosion in a flour mill?
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The graph shows the results of two experiments investigating the rate of reaction between excess calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
In each experiment the volume of carbon dioxide produced is measured at fixed time intervals.
Which statement describes the difference in conditions between experiments 1 and 2?
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When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the solid changes to blue.
$ \text{CoCl}_2 \cdot 6\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons \text{CoCl}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} $
What happens when water is added to the blue solid? [Table_1]
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In which change is the sulfur, S, in sulfur(I) oxide, S\textsubscript{2}O, reduced?
533
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Four different groups of oxides are shown.
1. MgO FeO CuO
2. CaO SO\(_2\) TiO\(_2\)
3. PbO CaO Cl\(_2\)O
4. NO\(_2\) Br\(_2\)O P\(_2\)O\(_5\)
Which statement about these oxides is correct?
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A student carries out an experiment to prepare pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram shows the first stage of the preparation. He adds magnesium carbonate until no more reacts. Which process should he use for the next stage?
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Which ion produces a green precipitate when aqueous sodium hydroxide is added?
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The positions of four elements in the Periodic Table are shown. Which element is a gas that displaces iodine from sodium iodide?
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A flammable gas needs to be removed from a tank at an industrial plant. For safety reasons, an inert gas is used. Which gas is suitable?
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A substance, X, has the following properties.
1. It has a high melting point.
2. It conducts electricity in the solid and liquid states.
3. It is malleable.
4. It has a high density.
What is X?
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A reactivity series is shown.
sodium
calcium
magnesium
carbon
zinc
iron
hydrogen
copper
Which statement is correct?
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What is the symbol of the metal used in the manufacture of aircraft because of its strength and low density?
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Oxides of nitrogen are given out from car exhausts.
Which row best shows why oxides of nitrogen are unwanted in the atmosphere?
[Table_1]
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Two reactions, M and N, both form carbon dioxide.
M: $\text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2$
N: $\text{CO}_2 \leftarrow \text{CH}_4$
Which types of reaction are M and N?
[Table_1]
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Which row describes two uses of sulfur dioxide?
[Table_1]
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Which statement about lime and limestone is correct?
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588
Which compound has a chemical name ending in -ol?
578
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Petroleum is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Separation occurs in a fractionating column. Some properties of three of these fractions are shown.
[Table_1]
Which statement is correct?
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571
Which statement about alkenes is correct?
513
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551
The flow chart shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
What are X, Y and Z?
550
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Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?
1. It is an alkane.
2. It reacts with sodium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
3. It changes the colour of litmus solution from blue to red.
4. It is a hydrocarbon.
514
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