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The diagram shows what happened in an experiment with plant seedlings.
Which characteristic of living things made the seedlings grow towards the light?
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A rat has the scientific name \textit{Rattus rattus}. What do the two parts of this name refer to?
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The diagram shows a plant cell. A biologist wants to find out the number of chromosomes it contains. Which labelled part should be examined more closely?
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The diagram shows a human liver cell.
The length of structure M on the diagram is 6 mm.
The magnification of the diagram is x2000.
What is the actual length of M?
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Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell several minutes after it has been placed in a concentrated solution of sugar?
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An uncooked piece of potato was placed in a solution. After two hours the size of the piece of potato had decreased.
Which row explains why this has happened and how the potato cells have changed?
[Table_1]
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The diagram shows a section of DNA, with four bases identified on one strand. Which sequence of bases would be on the other strand, starting from the top?
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Which food-testing solution shows a positive result when it turns from blue to purple?
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The diagram shows the four types of human tooth.
Which teeth are used for grinding food?
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Enzymes function best at their optimum temperature. Which statement describes the effect on an enzyme of increasing the temperature to the enzyme’s optimum temperature?
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The diagram shows how the rate of photosynthesis varies with light intensity.
The four curves show different conditions of temperature and carbon dioxide concentration.
What limits the rate of photosynthesis at point P?
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The diagram shows a plant cell. In which part of the cell does photosynthesis occur?
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The graph shows the effect of pH on the activity of an enzyme.
In which part of the alimentary canal would this enzyme be most active?
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The diagram shows the structure of a villus. The arteriole, capillary, lacteal, and venule are labelled with letters. Which letter shows where nutrients are absorbed into the blood?
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Which change increases the rate of water uptake by the roots of a plant?
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Dodder is a plant that grows on other plants called the hosts. The dodder plant connects to the host's vascular bundles. The dodder plant does not have green leaves or roots.
What correctly describes the regions for translocation?
[Table_1]
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The diagrams show the single circulation of a fish and the double circulation of a mammal.
Which letters represent areas of oxygenated blood?
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The diagram shows the human heart and main blood vessels.
What is the blood vessel labelled X?
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The following are statements about immunity.
1. The transfer of antibodies from mother to baby in breast milk is an example of passive immunity.
2. Passive immunity results in long term immunity because of the production of memory cells.
3. Active immunity is gained after vaccination with antigens.
Which statements are correct?
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What is the site of gas exchange in humans?
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The substances listed are associated with aerobic respiration.
1 carbon dioxide
2 glucose
3 oxygen
4 water
Which substances are the products of aerobic respiration?
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The formula $C_2H_5OH$ represents a chemical produced during anaerobic respiration. What is this chemical?
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What is filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus into the kidney tubule?
[Table_1]
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Which responses occur in the iris of the eye when a person walks from a brightly lit area to a dimly lit area?
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Which glands are endocrine glands?
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What are the effects of insulin and adrenaline on the concentration of blood glucose?
[Table_1]
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Asexual reproduction can be used to produce crops.
Why might a disease be likely to spread throughout the whole crop?
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In a comparison between the processes of artificial insemination (AI) and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), which statement applies to IVF only?
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The diagram shows half a flower. There is a description of each numbered part.
1. the stigma which receives pollen from insects
2. the anther which produces smooth and light pollen grains
3. the ovule where fertilisation occurs when the male and female nuclei fuse
Which descriptions are correct for an insect-pollinated flower?
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The diagram shows the inheritance of height in pea plants.
Which plants have a heterozygous genotype?
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The graph shows the masses of two different types of tomato.
What can be concluded from the graph?
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Which adaptation may be present in a xerophyte?
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The diagram shows a food chain in a rock pool.
seaweed → whelks → crabs → seagulls
What will happen if the number of secondary consumers increases?
There will be
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What is defined as ‘all of the populations of different species in an ecosystem’?
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What is the role of anaerobic respiration in bread-making?
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A crop plant has been genetically modified to make it resistant to herbicides.
Which is a possible disadvantage of introducing this new crop plant?
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Which is a reason for using bacteria in biotechnology?
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When a river is polluted by fertiliser, the following processes may occur.
1 increased aerobic respiration of decomposers
2 increased growth of producers
3 decreased oxygen concentration in the water
What is the correct sequence for these processes?
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