Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Core Paper 3 2020 Summer Zone 2

(a) Some substances move into cells by the process of diffusion.

State the name of the outer part of an animal cell that substances move through during diffusion. [1]

(b) Substances can also move by osmosis and active transport.

Table 1.1 shows some of the features of diffusion, osmosis and active transport.

Complete Table 1.1 by placing one tick (✓) in each row to show the features of diffusion, osmosis and active transport.

One has been done for you.

(c) Oxygen moves from the air that we breathe into the blood.

State three structures of the gas exchange system that oxygen molecules must pass through on their way to the blood. [3]

(a) Fig. 2.1 is a diagram of the human female reproductive system.

Identify the letter from Fig. 2.1 which represents:
• the vagina ..............................
• the uterus ..............................
• where ovulation occurs ..............................
• where the fetus grows ..............................
• where fertilisation occurs. ..............................
Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all. [5]
(b) Egg cells are the female gametes and have special adaptive features.
Complete the sentences using words from the list.
Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.
birth cellulose cytoplasm energy
fertilisation jelly labour
Egg cells have ........................................ stores so that they can survive for several days in the female reproductive system after ovulation.
They also have a ........................................ coating which changes after ........................................ to prevent more sperm from entering the egg. [3]
(c) Table 2.1 shows the average diameters of egg cells from different mammals.
[Table_1]
(i) State the name of the mammal with the egg cell that has the smallest average diameter in Table 2.1.
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Calculate the difference in average diameter between the egg cells of humans and goats.
............................................................................................................................. µm [1]
(d) Larger mammals usually have egg cells with a greater diameter.
Suggest which is the largest mammal using the information in Table 2.1.
............................................................................................................................. [1]

(a) A student investigated respiration in yeast. An equal mass of yeast was added to different types of sugar solution.

The student measured the volume of carbon dioxide released by the yeast using four different sugar solutions with the same concentrations.

The four different sugar solutions used were:
• dextrose
• lactose
• maltose
• sucrose.

Fig. 3.1 is a graph of the results.



(i) State the name of the sugar solution that produced the most carbon dioxide.
.......................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the volume of carbon dioxide produced by yeast with the dextrose solution at 80 minutes.
.......................................................................................................................... cm³ [1]

(b) The temperature during the investigation was maintained at 20 °C.

Predict the effect on the volume of carbon dioxide produced if the investigation was repeated at 30 °C.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State two ways humans use anaerobic respiration in yeast to make useful products.

1 ..........................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) Describe the similarities and differences between anaerobic respiration in yeast and aerobic respiration in humans.

similarities .........................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................

differences .........................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................... [4]

(e) State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans.
.......................................................................................................................... [2]

Fig. 4.1 shows some of the processes involved in the treatment of sewage.

(a) Complete Table 4.1 by placing ticks (✓) in the correct boxes to show what is involved in each process during the treatment of sewage.

The first row has been completed for you.

[Table_1]

(b) Describe \textbf{two} reasons why it is necessary to treat sewage before returning the water to the environment.

1 .........................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................................

2 .........................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................................
[4] + [2]

(a) Fig. 5.1 is a photograph of part of a flower.

Some of the outer structures have been removed to show the internal parts.



Fig. 5.1

(i) Label these structures on Fig. 5.1 with a label line and the name:

• anther
• petal
• stigma. [3]

(ii) Describe two features visible in Fig. 5.1 that suggest that this is an insect-pollinated flower.

1 ............................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Many living organisms can be classified as plants or animals.

Table 5.1 shows some features of animals and plants.

Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show the correct features of animals and plants.

[Table_1]

Table 5.1

| feature | animals | plants |
|---------|---------|-------|
| can respire | | |
| can grow | | |
| can make their own food | | |
| contain DNA | | |
| can respond to changes in their environment | | | [5]

(c) State two structures that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.

1 ............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................ [2]

(a) A student wrote an incorrect definition of the term hormone. The student’s incorrect definition is shown in Fig. 6.1.



Identify the two incorrect words in the student’s definition.
1 .........................................................................................................................
2 ......................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Table 6.1 shows the names of some hormones and the glands where they are secreted.
Complete Table 6.1.

[Table_1]
[4]

(c) Fig. 6.2 shows the position of some of the organs and endocrine glands in the body.



Draw an X on Fig. 6.2 to identify an adrenal gland. [1]

(d) The list in Fig. 6.3 shows some of the changes that occur in boys and girls during puberty.



(i) State two changes that occur in girls only from the list in Fig. 6.3.
1 .........................................................................................................................
2 ......................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) State one change that occurs in both boys and girls from the list in Fig. 6.3.
.......................................................................................................................... [1]

(a) Describe the results shown in Fig. 7.1.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................ [3]

(b) A student wrote a series of statements to explain why an increase in nitrate and magnesium ions increased the number of leaves. Not all of the statements are correct.

A – Magnesium is required for the synthesis of chlorophyll.
B – Nitrate ions are a component of carbohydrates.
C – Chlorophyll is required for photosynthesis.
D – Proteins are needed for growth.
E – Plants make their own food by the process of respiration.
F – Respiration produces glucose.

State the letters of the correct statements.
................................................................................................................................................ [3]

(c) State the principal source of energy for plants.
......................................................................................................... [1]

(a) Table 8.1 shows the mass of different materials recycled in one country in 2012 and 2017.

[Table_1]
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text{year} & \text{cardboard} & \text{paper} & \text{metal} & \text{plastic} \\ \hline 2012 & 193091 & 222455 & 41488 & 44262 \\ 2017 & 245345 & 144416 & 24874 & 23498 \\ \hline \end{array}$$

(i) Describe the data in Table 8.1.
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................. [3]

(ii) Calculate the percentage change in mass of plastic recycled between 2012 and 2017.
............................................................. %
[2]

(b) Discarded rubbish is one source of pollution.
Adding excess fertiliser to soil is another source of pollution.

(i) State \textbf{two} other types of substances used in agriculture that can pollute land and water.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) State the names of \textbf{two} gases that pollute air and are linked to climate change.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(a) Fig. 9.1 is a flow chart showing the pathway of a reflex action.
[Image_1: Flow chart with steps: "stimulus" leading to blanks, "sensory neurone" leading to blanks, "motor neurone" leading to blanks, and "response" at the end]
Complete the missing parts of the reflex action pathway in Fig. 9.1.
(b) The box on the left contains the beginning of a sentence.
The boxes on the right show some endings of sentences.
Draw lines to make three correct sentences about reflex actions.
[Image_2: Box "Reflex actions" and options on the right: "are automatic.", "are slow.", "coordinate stimuli with responses.", "do not involve synapses.", "involve the central nervous system.", "occur only in plants."]