Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Core Paper 3 2019 Summer Zone 2

(a) Table 1.1 shows some of the structures and parts of the alimentary canal and associated organs.
Complete Table 1.1 by identifying the five missing structures and functions.
[Table_1]
[5]
(b) Lipase is involved in the breakdown of fats.
State the two products of fat digestion.
1 ..........................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Enzymes are proteins.
State the chemical elements that enzymes are made from.
..........................................................................................................................
[2]

(a) Cholera is an example of a transmissible disease.
Define the term transmissible disease.
..............................................................
..............................................................
.............................................................. [2]

(b) Cholera is transmitted in contaminated water.
State two ways water can be treated to prevent the spread of cholera.
1 ..............................................................
2 .............................................................. [2]

(c) Table 2.1 shows the number of reported cases of cholera in the world during 2014 and 2015.

[Table_1]
Table 2.1

(i) Calculate the percentage decrease in the number of cases of cholera between 2014 and 2015.
Show your working and give your answer to the nearest whole number.
.............................................................. % [2]

(ii) State the name of the type of organism that causes cholera.
.............................................................. [1]

(d) Cholera causes diarrhoea.
(i) Describe what is meant by the term diarrhoea.
..............................................................
.............................................................. [1]

(ii) Outline the treatment for the symptoms of cholera.
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..............................................................
.............................................................. [2]

(e) Bacteria are often used in biotechnology.
Complete the sentences using words from the list to explain why bacteria are used.
Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.

complex genetic identical non-identical
physical rapid slow simple

Bacteria are useful in biotechnology and .............................................................. engineering due to their
.............................................................. reproduction rate and their ability to make
.............................................................. molecules. [3]

(a) Fig. 3.1 is a drawing of a cross-section of a root.

Identify and label the structures on Fig. 3.1 using label lines and the labels:
- root hair
- phloem
- xylem.

(b) Xylem is an example of a plant tissue.
This list shows examples of tissues, organs and organ systems in humans.

heart     fat (under the skin)
kidney     lung     nervous system

Complete Table 3.1 using the examples from the list.
One has been done for you.

[Table_1]
Table 3.1
tissue     organ     organ system
                       nervous system

(c) The list shows some of the structures in a plant.
Write the structures in order of size from smallest to largest.

chloroplast  palisade cell  phloem tissue  root  whole plant

.......................................         smallest
.......................................
.......................................
.......................................
.......................................         largest

(a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of a fetus in the uterus.

Table 4.1 shows one of the names and the functions of some of the labelled parts shown in Fig. 4.1.
Complete Table 4.1 using the information in Fig. 4.1.
[Table_1: 'name of part', 'letter in Fig. 4.1', 'function'; 'amniotic sac', '', 'contains amniotic fluid'; '', '', 'dilates during birth'; '', '', 'carries materials between mother and fetus']
[5]
(b) Describe the changes that occur in the fertilised egg cell up to the point of implantation.
..........................................................................................................................................................
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..........................................................................................................................................................
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..........................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [3]
(c) Compare the growth and development of the fetus in the early stages of pregnancy with its growth and development in the late stages of pregnancy.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(a) Reproduction is a characteristic of all living organisms. 

State two other characteristics of all living organisms. (2)

(b) A specialised cell performs a particular function.

Sperm and egg cells are two types of specialised cell that are involved in reproduction in humans.

State the names of two other specialised cells. (2)

(c) The term sexual reproduction is in the box on the left.

The boxes on the right show some sentence endings.

Draw straight lines from sexual reproduction to the boxes on the right to make correct sentences. (3)

(d) Fig. 5.1 shows some examples of reproduction.

State the letter or letters that identify examples of asexual reproduction.

Give a reason for your answer using evidence from Fig. 5.1.

(a) Describe the data shown in Fig. 6.1.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................. [3]

(b) One explanation for the trend shown in the data after 1900 is the introduction of vaccinations.
Discuss other reasons that explain the trend seen after 1900 in Fig. 6.1.
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.............................................................................................................. [3]

(c) Populations in individual countries can decrease rapidly.
Suggest two reasons why.
1 ..............................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................. [2]

(a) Fig. 7.1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of part of a leaf.

[Image]

Fig. 7.1

(i) Identify the parts of the leaf labelled \( A \) and \( B \) in Fig. 7.1.

A ..................................................................................................................................................

B ...................................................................................................................................................

[2]

(ii) Draw a circle around \( \text{one} \) vascular bundle on Fig. 7.1.

[1]

(iii) Draw an arrow to show where an air space is on Fig. 7.1.

[1]

(b) State \( \text{three} \) structures present in both animal and plant cells.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................

3 ................................................................................................................................................

[3]

(a) Modern technology has increased food production.

The boxes on the left show types of modern technology.

The boxes on the right show how modern technology has improved production.

Draw five lines to link the type of modern technology with the way in which it has improved food production.

[Image_1 of Boxes Linking Modern Technology to Improvements in Food Production]

modern technology
agricultural machinery
chemical fertiliser
herbicide
insecticide
selective breeding

improvement in food production
able to use larger areas of land
improve desired features in crops and livestock
kills animal pests that damage crops
provides nutrients to increase yield
reduce competition with weeds

[4 marks]

(b) Describe two negative impacts to an ecosystem of intensive livestock production.

1 ...........................................................
...........................................................
2 ...........................................................
...........................................................

[2 marks]

(a) Three identical potato cylinders were used to investigate water movement in plant cells. Cranberry juice is a red fruit juice that contains natural sugars. Three test-tubes were set up as shown in Fig. 9.1 and left for one hour.

After one hour the potato cylinders were removed from test-tubes 1 to 3. The mass of each potato cylinder is recorded in Table 9.1.

(i) Describe the results for test-tubes 1 and 2.  [2]

(ii) Calculate the decrease in the mass of the potato cylinder in test-tube 3. [1]

(iii) Explain why the potato cylinder lost mass in test-tube 3. [2]

(b) State the name of one mineral ion and give a reason why it is important for plant growth. [2]