Cambridge IGCSE Biology - 0610 - Core Paper 3 2019 Winter Zone 2

Complete the sentences about food and digestion using words from the list.
Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

absorbed antibodies bacteria duodenum
egested enzymes fat stomach water

The .................................... secretes hydrochloric acid. One function of this acid in the body is to kill .................................... in the food. Most food that is eaten has to be digested before it can be .................................... by the body. Most chemical digestion is carried out by special proteins called .................................... . One component of the diet that does not need to be digested is .................................... .

Table 2.1 lists some descriptions of meiosis and mitosis.
Complete Table 2.1 by placing a tick (✓) in each box that is correct.

[Table_1: description of process - meiosis - mitosis]
can result in growth
is a nuclear division
occurs in asexual reproduction
produces egg cells
replaces damaged cells

(a) Fig. 3.1 shows a cross-section of a vein and Fig. 3.2 shows a longitudinal section of the vein.


(i) Describe \textbf{two} features, visible in Fig. 3.1 and Fig. 3.2, which show that this blood vessel is a vein.
1 ..............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
2 ..............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Draw an arrow on Fig. 3.2 to show the direction of blood flow in this vein. [1]

(b) Two groups of students, \textbf{A} and \textbf{B}, investigated how running affected their pulse rates.
There were three students, \textbf{1, 2} and \textbf{3}, in each group.
They measured their pulse rates when at rest, then all ran the same distance and immediately measured their pulse rates again.
The results are shown in Fig. 3.3.


(i) Suggest a method the students could use to measure their pulse rates.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Calculate the average pulse rate for the three students in group \textbf{A} when at rest.
............................. beats per minute [1]

(iii) State the effect of running on the pulse rate using the information in Fig. 3.3.
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) State which student had the greatest change in pulse rate after running.
................................................................................................................................. [1]

(v) Describe \textbf{two} differences in the data between group \textbf{A} and group \textbf{B} in Fig. 3.3.
1 ..............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
2 ..............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Predict and describe the changes that would occur in the students’ breathing during the investigation.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. [2]

The boxes on the left contain the functions of some plant cell structures.
The boxes on the right contain the names of structures found in plant cells.
Draw one straight line from each box on the left to a box on the right to link the plant cell function
to the correct plant cell structure.
Draw four lines.

(a) Fig. 5.1 shows a seed that has germinated.
It is growing on damp cotton wool in the dark in a vertical position.

The seedling was then rotated to a horizontal position and kept in the dark as shown in Fig. 5.2.

(i) Complete Fig. 5.2 by drawing the expected appearance of the root and the shoot after five days in the dark. [2]

(ii) State the name of the response shown in Fig. 5.2. [1]

(b) (i) The leaves of a seedling photosynthesise.
State the word equation for photosynthesis. [2]

(ii) Chlorophyll has to be present for photosynthesis to take place.
State the name of the mineral ion that plants need to make chlorophyll. [1]

(iii) State the name of one type of cell that carries out photosynthesis. [1]

(c) The rate of photosynthesis can be measured using the apparatus shown in Fig. 5.3.

The faster the rate of photosynthesis, the more gas bubbles are produced.
Table 5.1 shows the results from an investigation using this apparatus.
[Table_1]
(i) Describe the relationship between light and the rate of photosynthesis shown in Table 5.1. [2]

(ii) State two factors, other than light, that will affect the rate of photosynthesis in this investigation.
1 ..................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Suggest one use of glucose in a plant. [1]

Fig. 6.1 shows part of the human gas exchange system.

(a) (i) Label the structures on Fig. 6.1 using words from the list:
• bronchiole
• diaphragm
• larynx
• rib
• trachea.
[5]

(ii) Organ X on Fig. 6.1 is not part of the gas exchange system.
State the name of the organ system to which organ X belongs.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) State three features of an efficient gas exchange surface.
1 ..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
2 ..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
3 .............................................................................................................................. [3]

(c) Describe the harmful effects of tobacco smoke on the body.
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [4]

(a) Table 7.1 contains the definitions of terms used in genetics.
Complete Table 7.1 by writing the term for each definition.

Table 7.1

[Table_1]
A thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
A length of DNA that codes for a protein.
The observable features of an organism.
The transmission of genetic information from generation to generation.

[4]

(b) Fig. 7.1 shows a photomicrograph of the chromosomes present in the body cells of a human.



Fig. 7.1

(i) State the number of chromosomes present in human body cells.
................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The individual in Fig. 7.1 is female.
Describe the evidence from Fig. 7.1 that supports this statement.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Sometimes a genetic change occurs which results in a condition called Down’s syndrome.
Fig. 7.2 shows the chromosomes from a body cell of a person with Down’s syndrome.



Fig. 7.2

Describe the genetic change that produces Down’s syndrome using the information in Fig. 7.1 and Fig. 7.2.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................. [1]

(a) Table 8.1 contains three descriptions of nervous system terms.
Complete Table 8.1 by stating the name of the terms described.

[Table_1]

(b) The nervous system contains sense organs that detect changes in the external environment.
List three stimuli that are detected by sense organs.

1 .................................................................
2 .................................................................
3 .................................................................

(c) Describe a simple reflex arc.
.................................................................

All organisms must maintain a balance between water gain and water loss.
(a) (i) State the name of the type of cell which absorbs water into a plant.
................................................................. [1]
(ii) State the name of the tissue in a plant that transports water.
................................................................. [1]
(iii) State the name of the organ in a plant where most water loss occurs.
................................................................. [1]
(b) State \textbf{three} ways in which the human body may lose water.
1 .................................................................
2 .................................................................
3 ................................................................. [3]

(a) Use the information in Fig. 10.1 to answer these questions:

(i) State the rate of water uptake at 12:00 (midday).
............................... g per hour [1]

(ii) State the time when the water uptake was 10 g per hour.
....................................... [1]

(iii) State one time during the day when the water uptake and the water loss were equal.
....................................... [1]

(b) Describe how changes in temperature and changes in humidity affect the rate of water loss in a plant.
..............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [2]

(c) State the name of the process that results in water loss from plants.
................................................................................................................................ [1]